模糊方法在質化評估準則之運用－－交通建設土地徵收難易度為例

USING FUZZY MODEL IN QUALITATIVE CRITERIA EVALUATION－A CASE STUDY FOR DIFFICULTY LEVEL OF LAND ACQUISITION IN TRANSPROTATION PROJECTS

計畫的評估有賴評估準則的建立與衡量，而粗糙或過於主觀的評估可能導致錯誤的決策。所以，計畫評估需要有一個提供更多資訊且減少主觀成份之評估方法來協助決策者進行方案的評判。傳統質化準則常以「主觀等級給分」的方式來衡量，其過於主觀且忽略本身亦可能具有多項指標可用以衡量該質化準則。基於此，本研究運用模糊理論的分析觀念，建立一較具「資訊性」、「一致性」與「數量化」的質化準則衡量方法，可對諸建設計畫評估的工作有一合理、較不主觀且明確的評估。本研究以交通建設計畫中「土地徵收難易度」質化準則為例進行實例研究，透過40位從業土地徵收之政府公務員的問卷調查，由七項初選指標中評選出五項決選指標，並建立所屬之隸屬函數及其整合模式。經模式驗證分析結果顯示本整合方法具有相當高的績效。

Traditional qualitative criteria evaluation is usually subjective and ignores there could have many indicators to measure it. This study aims at exploring important issues such as how to change qualitative criteria evaluation from more subjective statement to less subjective evaluation, how to aggregate different decision maker's evaluation results, and how to combine many different indicators that measure the qualitative criterion. In this paper, a qualitative criteria evaluation algorithm based on the fuzzy set theory is proposed. The measurement of difficulty level of land acquisition is taken as a case study. To do this, We survey 40 government officials who have undertaken the land acquisition work in transportation projects for several years. We first select five indicators from seven indicators through weighting methods and then construct a membership function to each fuzzy group of each indicator. Finally, we combine all the indicators to a more comprehensive measurement. The results show that the method in this study is better than the fuzzy synthetic decision method in terms of accuracy.