山坡地開發災害風險之負擔合理化

REASONABLE SHARING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL RISK OF HILLSIDE LAND DEVELOPMENT

合理的土地利用管理制度不只要能促進土地之利用，更要能兼顧社會之公平。就山坡地之土地開發管理而言，除須面對土地使用變更增值利益與公共設施成本負擔之社會公平問題之外，尚須面對災害風險的公平負擔。以風險管理觀念為基礎，本文之目的即在於說明山坡地開發所遭遇的風險負擔問題特性，建立災害防治與風險管理之理論模式，並就強制保險與設立基金等兩種可能的政策工具加以分析探討，進而研擬可能實施的方式及後續研究方向。

A reasonable land use management system should not only be able to promote the utilization of land resources, but also be able to balance the equity of social systems. For hillside land development, in addition to equity issues such as added land value of land use conversion and cost sharing of infrastructure provision, reasonable sharing of environmental risk has to be dealt with. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the characteristics of risk sharing issue faced to hillside land development, a theoretical model of disaster prevention and risk management is proposed, and to analyze the implementation potentials of mandatory insurance and earmarked tax for policy making. In addition, alternative approaches for implementation and further researches are proposed for related agencies.