含有情態成分之テイル‧テイタ及其習得

A Study of –te iru/ - te ita Related to Modal Features

一般認為テイル‧テイタ有表示「動作的持續」「結果的狀態」「反復」等用法，但在某些情況之下，テイル‧テイタ也有反映說話者心情及意圖的作用。本文蔚了闡明テイル‧テイタ於何種狀況下含有此種情態成分，於是透過蒐集小說中的例句，分析考察其有情態成分的テイル‧テイタ，並將之分為1發現、2確認、3想起、4客觀性、5描寫與現在有關的過去事實、6假設的結果、7與現實相反的假設、8察覺的觀點，等8種用法，並以此製作問卷，調查大學4年級學生的習得狀況。從而發現「察覺的觀點」及「客觀性」兩項最容易習得。在測後訪談中，了解到此2項用法之所以容易習得是由於教師在教室指導中強調的結果，因而發現教師給予學生input之重要性。

The -te iru/-te ita have been assumed to show “action in progress”, “resultative state”: “habitual” etc. However, -te iru/-te ita can imply the speaker’s feeling or intentions in some cases. This paper clarified the modal features of -te iru/-te ita into eight types (1 finding, 2 confim1ation, 3 recalling, 4 objectivity, 5 descriptions of the past related to the present, 6 consequences of assumptions, 7 assumptions contrary to fact, 8 viewpoints of perceptions) through analyzing Japanese novels. A questionnaire based on the 8 types was made to test senior students in order to know their acquisition condition. As a result, “viewpoints of perceptions” and “objectivity” were easiest to be acquired. This result suggests the importance of teachers’ input because the follow-up interview showed that these two types were emphasized in classroom instruction.