家庭與學校脈絡對臺灣青少年自尊發展軌跡的影響

Developmental Self-Esteem Trajectories among Taiwanese Adolescents: Effects of Family and School Context

復原力模型與風雨困頓模型對青少年自尊成長的趨勢有相反的預測，但是實證研究的發現迄今卻未有定論。為此，本研究使用臺灣青少年成長歷程研究於2000年至2007年間長期蒐集的追蹤調查資料，以分段線性成長曲線分析方法，試圖描繪臺灣青少年從13歲到20歲的自尊成長軌跡。研究結果顯示，臺灣青少年的自尊成長呈現非線性模式。知覺父母支持對青少年自尊發展的影響隨著不同時期而程度不同。知覺母親支持的影響在青少年早期的影響較大，知覺父親支持的影響則在青少年中期和晚期的影響較強。本文亦討論了臺灣青少年非線性自尊發展軌跡與知覺父母支持隨不同時期而變化的意涵。

The resilience model and the storm and stress model make opposite predictions regarding self-esteem development patterns during adolescence, and empirical findings have been inconsistent. This study examines the selfesteem developmental process using data from a 2000-2007 longitudinal survey conducted in Taiwan. Piecewise linear growth curve analyses were applied to determine developmental self-esteem trajectories among respondents aged 13 to 20 (N=1,456). Results indicate a curvilinear pattern. The effect of parental support varied depending on adolescent stage. While the effect of perceived maternal support was more significant during early adolescence, perceived paternal support was more prominent in middle and late adolescence. Implications of the curvilinear pattern and variation in the influences of perceived parental support across stages are discussed.