版畫藝術中呈現的化學變化I

The Chemical Reaction Presented in Printmaking I

在傳統的四大版畫種類中和當代發展與時興的數位版畫，每一版種所必須歷經的刻版、製版和印版等三個創作過程中，存在著許多不同階段的化學反應和變化。化學變化，又稱為化學反應，其一般的定義為：物質的本質或形態上的改變，而產生新的物質。相對的「物理變化」，一般所舉的例子都是物質三態的變換，像：冰↔水↔水蒸氣之間的相互改變，在外觀型體上因溫度的改變而有了差異，然其組成分子卻是相同，在長溫狀態之下的形體<水>於化學式中以H2O為記稱。化學變化和反應含有下列幾個特色，例如反應是不可逆的、變化後的產物和變化前具有不同的性質；經由燃燒，例如汽油、酒精、木頭等具有可燃性，氧氣有助燃性使產生燃燒作用；氧化，如鐵生鏽；酸鹼中和，如鹽酸倒在水泥地板或瓷器物皿上的可產生清潔作用等，以上的現象都是化學變化，其它有顏色改變、酒的釀造、食物腐敗、光合作用等等都屬於化學變化的一環。化學反應的特質，在於反應是不可逆的、變化後的產物和變化前具有不同的性質。而所常伴隨著的改變的狀態最常見者有：顏色的改變、溫度的改變、味道的改變、沉澱的產生、氣泡的產生、狀態型體的改變等等。本文試就常態中不同版畫版種製作過程裡，於處理進行中所引發的化學反應現象進行討論、闡述與印證。

The traditional four types of Printmaking and contemporary digital prints all involve three creative processes, namely engraving, plate making, and printing plate, which include different stages of chemical reactions and changes. Chemical change, also known chemical reaction, is defined as the changes of nature or form where new materials are generated. As for physical reaction, the most common example is the three-phase transformation of water, such as the transformation between ice, water, and vapor. Although the form of water is changed due to the change of temperature, its molecular components are the same. Under room temperature, water is denoted as 'H2O'. Chemical reactions include the following features: the reaction is irreversible; prior to and after chemical change, the chemical agents have different properties; oil, alcohol, and wood are all inflammable substances, while oxygen is a type of combustion-supporting gas that could cause combustion; oxidation, such as the process of rusting; neutralization, such as the cleaning effects caused by the reaction between hydrochloric acid and cement floor or porcelain. The phenomena stated above are all chemical reactions. Other chemical reactions include color fading, ermenting wine, food decay, and photosynthesis. Chemical reaction is irreversible. The chemical agents prior to and after the reaction are different. The most common chemical change includes the change of color, temperature, and taste, as well as precipitation, froth, and the change of form. This study aims to discuss, investigate, and validate the chemical reactionsinvolve in the production of various Printmaking.