大定、明昌文苑之冠－－金代王寂詞之情感意涵及創作心態析論

Dading, Mingchang era literary crown-Jin Dynasty, Wang Ji his poetry emotional meaning and creative mentality of the analysis discussed

詞人王寂，係金代中葉世宗大定至章宗明昌（西元1161-1195年）時期之傑出文學家。今唐圭璋《全金元詞》輯入王寂詞35闋，另《四庫全書．拙軒集》卷四所錄，除誤收者外，實較《全金元詞》本多１闋，故王寂詞共有３６闋，應是目前金代中期詞壇存詞最多者。王寂詞中所流露之情感意涵主要有四：（一）宴飲酬唱之歡喜、（二）羈旅行役之苦楚、（三）分離相思之悲痛、（四）淡然無求之灑脫。而從其詞作之情感反應與自我認知中，可明其創作心態之特徵，歸納如下：（一）國勢承平：聖朝自豪之感；（二）流連風月：玩世冶游之習；（三）妙年登科：勤政報國之志；（四）遭貶遠謫：抑鬱不平之氣；（五）飽閱人間：隱居避世之思。王寂以「儒、釋、道」三教一家之思想為創作基礎，其詞學成就卓卓，為金代中期詞壇開拓出更繽紛多采之局面。

Poet Wang Ji is Jin Dynasty of the mid “Sejong Dading” to “Zhang Zong Ming Chang” Dynasty (AD 1161-1195 years) outstanding writer. Currently Tang Qui-Zhang ＂ Quan Jin Yuan Ci ＂ into Wang Ji's poetry series has 35. Besides, ＂Si Ku Quan Shu．Zhuo Xuan Ji＂ recorded in Volume 4, in addition to a collection of errors, compared with the ＂ Quan Jin Yuan Ci ＂ more a poem, so the Wang Ji's poetry total 36, should be present in the mid-Jin Dynasty poems retain the most people. Wang Ji's poem of the outpouring of emotional meaning, there are four: (a) the feast paid to sing for joy; (b) the roam rushing sufferings; (c) the separated acacia grief; (d) the dull without seeking the free and easy. From the emotional reactions of his poems and self-awareness, you can understand the mentality of its creation features, summarized as follows: First, the national power chengping: pilgrimage sense of pride; Second, hang around brothels: cynical excursion habits; Third, wonderful year to pass the exam: diligently serve the country's will; Fourth, was demoted far exile: depressive mood uneven; Fifth, the full reading world: seclusion Masquerade thoughts. Wang Ji the ＂Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism,＂ the three religions into one idea as the basis for the creation of literature, his outstanding achievements in poetry, Jin Dynasty poetry for the medium term to open up a more colorful the situation.