論許達然散文的作品精神與藝術風格

The spirit and the artistic style of Wen-hsiung Hsu’s Essays

許達然是臺灣戰後重要的散文家，散文主題多半圍繞鄉土與歷史，批判現實。他關注被忽視和歧視的對象、弱勢的小人物和團體，批判社會現象，被殖民的困境、經濟制度的剝削、階級的壓榨和社會的兇殘等。文本中呈現受到社會影響後的「我」，如何書寫和我有關的別人、和我有關的社會。「我」省思自己的存在，同時觀察別人的存在。散文中的「我」肩負社會責任感，在散文中拆解文字的形、音、義，用相關字詞延伸出更深的文化意蘊。許達然書寫家鄉臺南，融合了真實記憶的念舊情感，個人的小歷史透過地景的、空間的折射，尋求地方生命力的再現。許達然將地方書寫轉換成臺灣的縮影，記錄文化的演繹累積，用鄉土的變遷折射歷史的滄桑。從個人到社會，離開家鄉愈遠，關注的議題也愈廣闊。他以有情之筆，帶領讀者思考和批判，他的關懷從個人的呼吸轉移到社會與歷史。本文將聚焦於許達然的散文，考察文本中的「我」如何以深情的眼光，心繫臺灣，分析作品精神與藝術風格的轉變。

Wen-hsiung Hsu is an important essayist in Taiwan after World War II. The themes of his essays are mostly around local affairs and histories to criticize the reality. He cares about those ignorant and discriminated subjects, poor ones and groups. He judges social phenomenon, the toughness of being ruled over and economically pillaged, oppressed by levels and social cruelty. The paper presents the “I” after social impacts, how to write about the others related to me, and the society related to me. While observing the existence of others, I retrospect the existence of myself. The “I” in his essays is carrying social responsibilities. It extends deeper cultural meanings via relevant words and terms by dismantling text forms, sounds and meanings in his essays, In Wen-hsiung Hsu’s hometown Tainan, there was a nostalgic feeling that combined real memories. His little personal history seeks reproduction of local vitality through the refraction via landscapes and spaces. Wen-hsiung Hsu converts his writings about local affairs into an epitome of Taiwan which records the cultural interpretation and accumulation, and he uses local changes to refract historical vicissitudes. From an individual to the whole society, the farther you leave from hometown, the wider the scale of issues you can consider. With a pen full of sentient, he is leading readers to think and judge, his caring shifts from an individual’s breathing to the entire society and history. This article will focus on Wen-hsiung Hsu’s essays, survey how the “I” in the contexts, with romantic glimpses and facing toward the south, concerning about Taiwan with his heart in order to analyze the spirit of work and the transformation of artistic style of his essays.