《永樂大典》所引《二十體篆》研究

Research and Compilation of Yong Le Canon—Yao Dun Lin’ Er Shi Ti Zhuan

《永樂大典》全書依《洪武正韻》韻部分列單字，每字下註明反切、字書韻書說解，並列出此字的篆、隸、草、行各種書體，自清代編纂《四庫全書》開始，《永樂大典》即成為文獻輯佚與校勘的重要資料。吾人自《永樂大典》輯得宋代小學類典籍—姚敦臨《二十體篆》，得雜體篆16種，字形33個。今略考姚氏及其著作，參引唐玄度〈十體書〉與韋續〈五十六種書〉，並以所輯雜體篆與唐宋以來材料〈集篆十八體書碑〉、《歷朝聖賢篆書百體千文》比對，呈現此書於文獻輯佚與雜體篆形研究之價值。

The book Yong Le Canon was compiled based on Hung Wu Jeng Yun where characters were collated by tone and rhyme. At the end of the each character was a description of its pronunciation, given by a fan-qie (反切) formula. In addition, various writing styles, such as seal, scribe, cursive and semi-cursive were also specified. Ever since Si Ku Quan Shu was compiled in the Qing Dynasty, Yong Le Canon has been important data for collection and collation of the missing articles. This study intends to continue with the unfinished work of predecessors. Moreover, this study found a classic in the literary type of lexicography. from the Song Dynasty - Er Shi Ti Zhuan by Yao Dun Lin - collected in Yong Le Canon. This study conducted textual research on Yao and his writings, and compared 16 types of seal character collected in the articles with the mixed-seal characters from the Tang and Song Dynasties, such as 18 Script Styles Calligraphy Collection, 33 Script Styles Found in an Old Buddhist Diamond Sutra and Li Chao Sheng Xian Zhuan Shu Bai Ti Qian Wen (Various Styles of Seal Character in the Past Dynasties) , in order to reflect the value of this book in the studies on the gathering of missing and scattered writings and mixed-seal characters.