《說苑》弘揚「孔子」所採行之體例研究

Shuo Yuan commended 'Confucius' using a variety of writing style

漢朝自從武帝罷黜百家，獨尊儒術，儒學一直占有崇高的政治和學術地位。經由學者們檢覈之後，普遍認為表面上是獨尊儒術，但實際上是百家思想互相融合的局面。即使是漢武帝本人也不例外，口口聲聲要崇儒，但其好大喜功，發動武力爭戰，是法家思想。追求長生不老之術，有濃濃的黃老思想；相信五行之說、天人相應的現象，近乎陰陽家思想，如此事例，不一而足。劉向是西漢末年的皇室學者，其所撰《說苑》二十卷，集結許多有關修身及治國的歷史故事，除了企圖增廣皇帝的見識之外，也寄望能產生勸諫的效果。儘管漢朝的政治大環境和劉向的家學淵源都讓他不得不在腦子裡充滿各家思想，但他在學術上努力的目標，是要弘揚儒學，尤其是孔子學說。筆者以劉向《說苑》為範圍，研究劉向如何弘揚孔子學術。共寫成三篇：1、〈《說苑》弘揚「孔子」所採行之體例研究〉，2、〈《說苑》弘揚「孔子」之研究──思想方面〉，3、〈《說苑》與《論語》的關係研究〉；此為其中第一篇。就劉向弘揚孔子學說而言，以上三篇實為一體，相輔相成。

Han dynasty, since Emperor Wu to dismiss each other thinking, only respected Confucianism, Confucianism have been enjoying a lofty political and academic status. Through a substantial check, scholars generally believe that the surface Domination of Confucianism, but in fact the situation is the many thinkers theory integration. Even Emperor Wu no exception, keeps Domination of Confucianism, but his favorite exploits, often waging war, this is Legalism thinking. He has a deep sense of Taoist Thought, therefore strive immortal. His belief in the doctrine of yin and yang, and the Heaven corresponding phenomenon, these were almost of Yinyang Specialists thinking. It is easy to find Emperor Wu many examples of above academic thinking. Liu Xiang is the the royal scholar of the Western Han Dynasty, Shuo Yuan he wrote twenty volumes, assembled on personal self-cultivation, and govern the country historical stories, in addition to attempted augmented emperor insight, but also expect through this book remonstrate emperor.Despite the impact of the political environment of the Han Dynasty and family education, so that Liu Xiang learning many different sects academic thinking, but his efforts in the academic goal is to carry forward the Confucian, especially the doctrine of Confucius. On 'Liu Xiang recorded in his books, the story of Confucius' theme, the author wrote a total of three: The first paper, the focus is to explore the writing style, focus on the second paper is to explore the ideological level, the third paper the focus is to explore, Shuo Yuan, and 'The Analects of Confucius, ' the relationship between the two books. This is the first paper in the previous three.About the Liu Xiang espoused the doctrine of Confucius, these three papers are actually complementary.