沈兼士〈右文說在訓詁學上之沿革及其推闡〉析論

The Study of Shen Jian-shi by “The Successive Changes and Explain of the Theory of the Sound Words at Right in Exegetics”

沈兼士將宋代開展出的訓詁學說──「右文說」，從學術史發展的角度進行其理論之觀察，並進行訓詁方法系統的建構，將中國傳統以語文學為中心的漢語歷史研究，透過形聲字聲符的語音聯繫，建立起「字族」，透過字族中恣意的引申、分化、假借關係，試圖將零散的右文之說，建構為右文之律。本文從訓詁學理論與方法論發展史的角度，分析沈兼士〈右文說在訓詁學上之沿革及其推闡〉的研究方法，並就其開創價值與缺漏之處評述其內容。從訓詁學史上對沈氏之說進行思考，觀察沈說之後開展出的右文研究，作為現今漢學研究中考證文獻典籍之方法──文字學、訓詁學研究之參考。

“The Theory of the Sound Words at Right”began in the Song Dynasty. Shen Jian-shi observed it by the develop of the history of the learning and established a system of exegetics method. He used the connection of the sound words of the Chinese words that combine meaning and sound to established the conception “word races”. By the relation of amplify, disintegrate and borrow in word races, tried to establish 「the Theory of the Sound Words at Right」into “the Theorem of the Sound Words at Right”. This essay analysis the study method of Shen Jian-shi by“The Successive Changes and Explain of the Theory of the Sound Words at Right in Exegetics” by the theory of exegetics and the history of the develop of the theory of methods. Besides, comment the contents of the value of established and the defects. By thinking of the Shen Jian-shi’s talk in the history of exegetics and observe the study of of the sound words at right, in order to consult by using the methods to verify the Chinese classical books. The methods are so called the study of Chinese written language and exegetics.