《說苑》弘揚「孔子」之研究──思想方面

Liu Xiang promote the study of Confucius - in ideological terms

在西漢時期思想融合的大環境裡，劉向不可避免地吸收諸子百家思想，其著作也不僅限於儒家思想的範疇。然而，劉向的學術思想還是以儒家為主，可稱之為西漢末年的儒學大師。就孔、孟、荀三大儒家宗師而言，劉向獨尊孔子，也寫了許多關於孔子師生的故事。至於提到孟子、荀子思想的部分卻相對稀少，劉向思想的源流取向在此表露無遺。根據《舊唐書》、《新唐書》的記載，唐太宗二十一年，下詔褒揚左丘明、劉向、范甯等二十一人，用其書，行其道，配享孔子廟廷，號稱貞觀之治。筆者擬以劉向《說苑》為範圍，研究劉向如何弘揚孔子學術。共寫成三篇：1、〈《說苑》弘揚「孔子」所採行之體例研究〉、2、〈《說苑》弘揚「孔子」之研究──思想方面〉、3、〈《說苑》與《論語》的關係研究〉。此篇為其中第二篇，著重於思想內容方面，探討劉向藉著《說苑》中與孔子相關的言行，弘揚並闡釋哪些孔子學說？凡此探索，都足以說明劉向確實是孔學的一大功臣。

Thought in the Western Han Dynasty in the integration environment, Liu Xiang inevitably absorbed many different schools of thought; his books were not limited to the scope of Confucianism. However, Liu Xiang's academic thought mainly to the Confucian-based, qualified to be called the Western Han Dynasty Confucian master. To Confucius, Mencius, Xun Zi, the three Confucian masters, Liu Xiang special honor Confucius, therefore, wrote many stories about teachers and students of Confucius. Liu Xiang rarely wrote in his book the story of Mencius, Xun Zi, apparently, his academic thought is inherited Confucius. According to 'Old Tang', 'New Book of Tang, 'the records, Emperor Taizong in the throne twenty-one year, ordered the celebration of twenty-one great thinker of ancient, Liu Xiang was one of them. Because of using their works, complying with their claims, this twenty-one were enshrined in the temple of Confucius, thus , Tang Taizong creating the Tang Dynasty's 'Golden Years', which is a strong and prosperous period On 'Liu Xiang recorded in his books, the story of Confucius' theme, the author wrote a total of three: The first paper, the focus is to explore the style, focus on the second paper is to explore the ideological level, the third paper the focus is to explore, 'Shuo Yuan,' and 'The Analects of Confucius, ' the relationship between the two books. This is the second in the previous three. This paper concludes that: Liu Xiang in promoting the academic thinking of Confucius, there is a great contribution.