《四家詩恉會歸》所論《詩經》篇章作者之研究

The Authors of Shijin Proposed by Sijia Shi Zhi Hui Gui(Collection of the Main Viewpoints of Four Schools of Shijing's Interpretation)

有關《詩經》篇章的作者，目前不少學者以及一般書籍都只以「大多不知其作者」一語帶過，即使某些篇章的作者可以論定，但是，幾乎全都遭到漠視的命運，這個現象對古代詩人是不公平的。漢朝今、古文經四家詩──齊、魯、韓、毛的解詩訊息當中，已經明白地指出許多詩篇的作者，尤其《毛詩序》指出較多詩篇作者。但是，由於宋朝曾經盛行疑經、改經風氣，加上朱子誤以為《毛詩序》乃東漢衛宏所作，於是倡言廢《序》；受到這種主張的影響，從此中國人解《詩經》，傾向不談作者。現在，學界既已知曉朱子所謂「衛宏作詩序」是錯誤的主張，《詩序》也再度逐漸受到學界重視，認為是重要的古代文獻資料。漢朝今、古文家有關詩篇作者的解說，頗值得我們再看一眼，再加以評估與發揚；以期為他們確立應有的文學地位。王禮卿教授所著《四家詩恉會歸》，對於魯、齊、韓、毛四家詩，資料蒐羅豐富，考證精詳，其所論斷的詩篇作者，有很高的參考價值，許多古人古事因此得到彰顯，本篇擬對於王禮卿教授考證詩篇作者的部分加以觀察研究、評估推介。

Even some authors of Shijing can be exactly named, most of the researchers disregarded them and concluded that 'most of the authors' name are lost'. It seems quite unfair to the ancient poets whose works had been selected. In Han dynasty, the scholars who belonged to four famous schools of the interpretation of Shijing:Qi, Lu, Han and Mao, had clearly identified many authors with the poems, especially Mao s' interpretation Mao Shixu. In Song dynasty, the scholars were remarkable of skepticism. For the worse, Zhu Xi mistook Wei Hong as the author of Mao Shixu and he insisted that the Shixu should be abandoned. Since then, the researchers of Shijing tended to ignore the author problem of the book. Nowadays many scholars have reached an agreement that Zhu Xi was wrong, and the importance of Shijing have been regained. It is worthy for us to revalue and develop the interpretation of Shijing which have been written from Han dynasty till today, and the historical positions of those who wrote the interpretations will expectably be reestablished. Wang Li-Qing s'Sijia shi zhi hui gui((Collection of the main viewpoints of four schools of Shijing s' interpretation) proposed reliable fruitage and valid resources not long age. He logically proved many evidences of the authors of Shijing to the researchers. Many names of the author and event in the ancient time are now re-polished. By this short paper I will make some introduction, discussion and revalue on Wang's work and some issues which were related to the authors of Shijing.