社會學知識的社會生產：台灣社會學者的隱形學群

Social Production of Sociological Knowledge: Invisible Colleges among Sociologists in Taiwan

過去科學社會學的研究已經指出「隱形學群」對於研究與出版的重要性。本研究探索國內社會學界隱形學群的結構及其影響，特別是與專業知識生產息息相關的三個出版活動面向：出版量、出版標的的選擇及文獻的引用。從131位本土社會學者的出版著作及其相互引用文獻的分析中，本研究發現國內的社會學社群為一互動極低、連結十分鬆散、以中研院社會所的學者為中心的簡單「核心一邊陲」結構。且個別學者在此結構中的位置與其所選擇的出版策略十分相關。占據中文互引網絡較邊陲位置的學者，雖然在中文文獻的引用網絡中較不受國內學者的注意，但卻較常透過投稿國際期刊來積極參與國際社會學社群。本土社會學者被分割成中、英文兩個群集的現象點出了台灣學術社群所面臨的三個挑戰：在規模局限下如何發展專業、西方典範專屬性很高的研究技能如何移轉至本土脈絡，以及學術社群的誘因制度設計問題。本文最後討論文獻引用與相互閱讀對於學術社群的重要性。學門的存在與發展仰賴我們能否塑造出一個知識互動密度高的社群結構。

Sociologists of science have demonstrated the importance of invisible colleges among scientists in research and publication. This study explores the existence of an invisible college in which sociologists with different institution affiliations are tied to one another by a chain of citations. It focuses on three aspects of publication process that shape our intellectual and professional lives: productivity, choice of genre, and references citation. Relying on the publication record of 131 local scholars, I demonstrate that the structure that best depicts the invisible college is a loosely-connected, simple 'center-periphery' hierarchy in which a group of experts from the Institute of Sociology in Academia Sinica occupied the center of the local community. Furthermore, there is a strong association between one's position in the citation network and choices of publication strategy. The incumbents of peripheral status seem to be identified more with the international sociological community and are more likely to publish in the international scholarly journals, despite their works had received little attention from the local scholars. The polarization of the local academic community into 'English' and 'Chinese' clusters highlight three challenges facing the local scientific community: the professionalization of the sociological discipline under severe scale constraint, the transform and transfer of paradigm-specific skills into the local context, and the design of incentive structure in academic community. Finally, the author discusses the importance of writing for local scholarly audiences, arguing that unless the community maintains a steady flow of information exchange, the sense of having a discipline may be lost.