台灣夫妻的家務工作時間：親密關係的影響

The Effects of Intimate Relationships on Housework Time among Husbands and among Wives in Taiwan

本研究利用「台灣社會變遷基本調查」在1996年調查的全國已婚受訪者作為樣本，分析夫妻家務工作時間的貢獻。除了檢視相對權力、時間限制與性別意識理論的假設之外，本文的論點是親密關係致使夫妻以互惠方式進行交換，因而產生較為均等的家務貢獻。在控制相關因素之後，迴歸分析發現在丈夫群體中，親密關係較高者付出較多的家務時間，在妻子群體中，親密關係較高者則付出較少的家務時間。雖然丈夫群體的相關程度稍弱，這些結果支持了親密關係的假設。但是親密關係與經濟權力（以收入貢獻作為指標）、夫妻就業模式及性別意識的互動作用則不顯著。結論部分對本研究的理論意涵與未來的研究改進方向加以討論。

This study aims to examine the effect of the married couples' intimate relationships on housework time. It is posited that in such intimate relationships couples are more likely to engage in reciprocal exchanges such that shared housework is practiced. A national sample from the General Social Survey in Taiwan is used to empirically test the influence of intimacy against other competing factors including the relative power of individuals, time availability, and gender ideology. The findings from regression analysis support the intimacy hypothesis. It was found that among husbands, intimate relationship with their spouses increases housework time, although this is not a strong correlation. Decreased housework time occurred when it came to wives' intimate relationship with their husbands. The interaction effects of intimacy with an individual's economic power, employment patterns and gender attitudes were negligible. The concluding section of this paper discusses the theoretical implications and methodological issues of this study.