博物館非觀眾休閒參與、休閒動機及參觀阻礙之研究：以國立科學工藝博物館為例

Leisure Participation, Motives and Constraints of Museum Non-visitors: A Case Study of National Science and Technology Museum

博物館在完成全民共有的使命以及面對競爭、經費壓力等多重原因之下，開始有開發新觀眾的需求。本研究針對科工館的非觀眾進行訪談，以了解非觀眾平時休閒動機、休閒參與及參觀科工館的阻礙。結果發現科工館非觀眾最重要的休閒動機為處在舒適的環境，休閒參與以實用性為主，其參觀阻礙以結構性為主，個人性阻礙次之，人際性阻礙最少。本研究最後提出開發新觀眾建議：如科工館可針對鄰近地區的非觀眾開發活動、迎合非觀眾的喜好及針對其在意的休閒訴求打造適當的環境等。

In order to accomplish its mission of becoming a public property and deal with challenges of competition, funds, etc., museums have started to develop new audience. This study interviewed non-visitors of National Science and Technology Museum (NSTM) to understand their leisure motives, participation and the constraints to visit NSTM. The results showed that the most important leisure motive of non-visitors is to feel comfortable and at ease in one's surroundings. The study also found that non-visitors were more likely to participate in practical activities at leisure. As for the constraint to visit NSTM, structural constraint was the primary one, intrapersonal constraint was the second, and interpersonal constraint was the last. The study suggested NSTM to develop activities for non-visitors who lived in surrounding regions, and create proper environment according to the leisure preferences and agenda of non-visitors, etc.