傑出團隊創作歷程與組成特質之分析：以全國高中生高溫超導磁浮創意競賽為例

An Investigation on the Groups' Characteristics and Creative Process of Outstanding Groups: A Case Study of the 'High School Innovation Competition Using Superconductor for Magnetic Levitation'

本研究為了解傑出高中生團隊之團隊組成特質及其創作歷程，以參與全國高中生高溫超導磁浮創意競賽中第一屆至第三屆表現傑出的11支團隊作為研究對象，經由半結構訪談、創作力文獻及深入比較分析後，主要結果如下：一、創作歷程共可分為五個階段•從日常生活中取得靈感、勇於創新構想、尋求方法與資源解決問題、不斷實驗追根究底、發表成果。二、從受訪團隊共可歸納出一些特質•同校或相異學習背景的組合、具競賽經驗及特殊才能的隊員、團隊得到學校及家庭協助或反對、團隊中無特定領導人。三、為提昇創造力之建議：社教機構應多舉辦相關創意競賽活動，學校對於學生的學習過程中應加強自主思考、自由發揮想像空間，並且培養學生動手做實驗的習慣。

The purpose of this study was to figure out the characteristics of group members and the process of the creativity. The subjects of this study were eleven outstanding senior high school groups in innovation competition using superconductor for magnetic levitation from 2000 to 2003. This study applied qualitative approach by semi-structure interview and literature reviews. The following was three major findings : 1. The creation process involved all the eleven subjects could be delineated as the following five steps: a obtain inspiration from daily life; b be good at the innovative idea; c be able to seek methods and resources to solve problems; d experiment and investigate constantly; e make presentation of the achievement. 2. Data obtained from the interviews reveals clusters of group characteristics, which fell into the following categories: a from the same school or different study backgrounds; b with contest experiences and special talents; c with the help of school and family or not, or even rejected by adults; d no specific leader in the group. 3. The suggestions about how to promote creativity: an informal education institutes should hold more creation-relevant competitions; b school should strengthen the independent thinking, inspire students' imagination, and help students cultivate their habits of conducting experiments by themselves.