分類理論在權威控制的應用－－以VIAF人名權威紀錄為例

The Application of Classification Theories in Authority Control: Using VIAF Personal Name Authority Records as an Example

本文以虛擬國際權威檔（VIAF）的人名權威紀錄為研究對象，探究權威控制可能應用到的分類理論，期能讓圖書資訊領域對權威控制與分類理論的關聯有更深一層的認識，甚或作為國內未來編目實施RDA改進權威紀錄參考之用。研究結果顯示權威控制工作應用了古典及現代的分類理論，前者包括互斥原理、保證原理；後者包括家族相似性理論、原型理論。文末提出五項建議：一、性別的著錄應以原型理論為基礎；二、個人名稱權威紀錄的來源應符合保證原理；三、區分人名應落實互斥原理；四、人名的區分兼顧自然屬性及社會屬性；五、建置名稱權威標目以家族相似性理論為基礎。

This study uses the personal name authority records in VIAF (Virtual International Authority File) to explore the classification theories which may be applied in authority control. This research provides those in library and information science (LIS) and related fields with a greater understanding of the affiliation between authority control and classification theory. This research can also be used as a reference for the application of RDA (Resources Description and Access) to improve the compilation of authority records. The results show that both the classical and modern classification theories should be used in the authority control process. The former includes the principle of mutual exclusivity and the principle of literary warrant; the latter includes the principle of family resemblance and prototype theory. Finally, it is suggested that: (1) the recording of gender in authority records should be based on prototype theory; (2) personal names in authority records should be consistent with the principle of warrant; (3) the distinction between personal names should be based on the principle of mutual exclusion; (4) consideration should be given to both natural attributes and social attributes while distinguishing personal names; and (5) family resemblance theory should be used as a basis for establishing name authority categories.