初任校長從實踐經驗中開拓偏鄉教育之研究

The study of a new principal developed rural education from his practical experience

本研究採質性研究方式，以高雄市特偏小校為研究場域，從一位初任校長面臨廢併校的偏鄉小校之體查、經營實踐經驗中，尋求偏鄉教育的作為及新理路。研究結果發現：一、偏鄉小校教育所面對的困境：(一)教育生態不利及家庭弱勢是偏鄉小校凋零的開始；(二)教師的熱忱是偏鄉教育的動力；(三)公部門教育經費匱乏常使偏鄉小校捉襟見肘；(四)校長對教育的作為是偏鄉小校邁向教育新路的基石。二、初任校長對偏鄉小校教育困境的作為：(一)教師教學品質提升是偏鄉教育的保障；(二)多元學習激發學生學習興趣；(三)爭取資源是翻轉偏鄉小校困境的另一路徑；(四)學校績效行銷是偏鄉小校必頇之務。研究結論：(一)克服偏鄉小校困境的策略：1.以學生學習為優先；2.教師認同行政支持；3.爭取資源挹注課程；4.行銷學校辦學績效；(二)初任校長從實踐經驗中開創偏鄉小校教育的作為：1.校長的教育理念執行及承諾，是學校轉變及邁向藍海的契機；2.校長秉持「一個學生、一個希望、偏鄉小校，用愛持續、不離不棄」的教育信念；3.校長對於學校團隊教育思維的改變需要給與時間醞釀及磨合。研究建議：(一)偏鄉小校校務營運方向：1.發展特色固然重要，但學生學習需求才是最大考量；2.學習場域的延展與擴展，是偏鄉教育應邁出的腳步；(二)偏鄉初任校長頇面對的課題；1.初任校長對偏鄉小校的投入及堅持，對偏鄉小校永續經營是必要的；2.偏鄉教育課題與一般教育議題不盡相同，但可快速累積初任校長實踐經驗及智慧。

This study used qualitative research methods， taking a Kaohsiung’s rural school as the research field， and seeking the action and new way for rural education form a new principal's detection and practical experience of facing a rural school will be abolished. The results discovered: 1.The predicament of rural school education: (1) The unfavorable educational ecology and family vulnerable is the beginning of rural school to be withered. (2) Teacher's enthusiasm can actuate the rural education. (3) The lack of public department's educational funds often caused rural school operating difficulties. (4) The principal's action is the cornerstone of the rural school towards a new path of education. 2. The new principal's actions for the predicament of rural school education. (1) Improving teaching quality will safeguard the rural education. (2)The multiple learning can encourage student’s interest in learning. (3) Seeking resources is another way to flip the predicament of rural school. (4) Marketing school performance is necessary for rural school. Conclusions: 1. The strategies of conquering the predicament of rural school: (1) Taking student's learning as a priority. (2) Teachers can identify administrative support. (3) Striving resources to support courses. (4) Marketing school performance. 2. The actions of a new principal developed rural education from his practical experience: (1) The implementation and commitment of principal's educational ideas， it’s the opportunity to be transform and advance of a school. (2) Principal should remain the educational belief of “a student， a hope， by love to maintain the operations of rural school， and never abandon. (3) Principal changed the school team's educational thinking， it’s the need to give time to ferment and running-in. Recommendations for research:1.The rural school business direction: (1) Developing characteristics is important， but student’s learning needs is the biggest consideration. (2) The extension and expansion of the learning field is the step that should be taken for partial education. 2. The new principal in rural school must face the subjects: (1) The new principal's input and persistence is necessary to sustainable management of rural school. (2) Although the rural education subjects were different from the general education issues， but they can quickly accumulate the new principal's experience and wisdom.