社區型Methicillin抗藥性金黃色葡萄球菌感染

Community-associated Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

抗甲氧苯青黴素金黃色葡萄球菌（MRSA）感染在世界各地形成的威脅已不容小覷，自90年代興起的社區型MRSA，以其生長快速及可感染健康成人及孩童的能力，亦正逐漸受到關注。社區型MRSA與傳統醫院型MRSA帶有不同型之SCCmec，導致兩者在臨床上抗藥性表現的差異；此外社區型MRSA可能帶有某些特殊毒力因子，使其感染對象及臨床感染症狀不同於醫院型MRSA。本篇將針對社區型MRSA在各國及台灣之流行現況、及其基因型、抗藥性及毒力因子，做一初步的介紹。

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible for serious infections throughout the world. Since the 1990s, community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA), which was reported for the first time in the 1990s, has attracted attention worldwide because of its ability to grow fast and infect healthy people, including both adults and children. CA-MRSA possesses a distinct staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec) type from hospital-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA), which may attribute to the difference between their antibiotic susceptibilities. Moreover, differences in host status and clinical outcomes between CA-MRSA and HA-MRSA may be attributed to distinct virulence factors. In this study, we have reviewed the characteristics, epidemiology, antibiotic susceptibility, and virulence factors of CA-MRSA strains worldwide and those found in Taiwan.