李贄《九正易因》初論──一條擴展李贄與儒學研究的新路徑

A First Look at Li Zhi's Jiu Zheng Yi Yin– A New Route to Broadening the Study of Li Zhi and Confucianism

李贄著有《九正易因》一書，乃其闡明易理之專著，為李贄十分看重、至死前仍再三修訂者，代表李贄學術最終而完熟之型態，但在關於李贄的大量研究中，卻少被深入探討。本論文重新發掘《九正易因》在李贄學術中不可忽視的重要地位，其思想內容正代表了李贄對於儒學（「真道學」）內涵精神之正面表詮，如其《九正易因．讀易要語》所闡明，「法神聖、法文王、孔子」乃其基本立場，則李贄長期被學者所讚揚為「反傳統」的進步思想，未嘗不即根植於其所體認之「文王、孔子」一脈相傳之「真道學」。對照既有研究中對《九正易因》及李贄儒學之相對忽略，藉由本書思想內涵之探析，當可為李贄學術中之儒學精神，重作一相應的理解與再詮釋；而此一論題之探討，不論對李贄或儒學而言，皆可擴展既有研究之視野，對儒學未來之發展，亦可提供更寬廣的思考。

Li Zhi authored Jiu Zheng Yi Yin (九正易因), a monograph expounding the theory in The Book of Changes. Li Zhi valued this work so considerably that he kept revising it until his death. It could be said that this work represented Li Zhi's learning in its final, highly-developed form. However, it has rarely been deeply investigated in the large amount of researches on Li Zhi. This paper re-discovers the importance of Jiu Zheng Yi Yin in dealing with Li Zhi. The thought contained in Jiu Zheng Yi Yin stands exactly for Li Zhi's positive interpretation of the spirit of Confucianism (“Real Moralism”). As Li has enunciated in Jiu Zheng Yi Yin – Du Yi Yao Yu (九正易因．讀易要語), “follow the sages, follow King Wen and Confucius” was his standpoint. Li Zhi's progressive thought of “anti-tradition,” which has long been praised by scholars, could be regarded as rooting in what Li recognized as the “true moralism” derived from “King Wen and Confucius.” In contrast with the ignorance of Jiu Zheng Yi Yin and Li Zhi's Confucianism in previous researches, this paper's analysis of Li's thought will correspondingly be a re-examination and re-interpretation of the Confucian spirit in Li's learning. The treatment of this topic, whether for Li Zhi or Confucianism, could expand the vision of previous studies and could offer a wider scope for examining the future development of Confucianism.