消逝中的婆羅洲──砂華散文「場所精神」之建構

The Waning of Borneo－Establishment of “Genius Loci” in Sarawak Chinese Prose

本文透過梁放、田思、沈慶旺等砂華作家的散文，檢視文本中所描寫的，以伊班族為代表的北婆羅洲原住民文化圖象。借由長屋、文化節慶、獵頭習俗、原始巫術等重要元素，在散文創作中建構起獨特的「場所精神」，它強韌地維繫住原住民文化和精神人格，並成為域外讀者的導覽秘徑。砂華散文為這群沒有文字和發聲能力的伊班人，記錄了長屋文明釀製出來的場所精神，也見證了它在現代都市文明衝擊下的衰亡。

This article will examine the totem of aboriginal culture in North Borneo with Iban as representative, as depicted in the contexts of proses written by Liang Fang, Tian Si, Shen Qing Wang, and other Sarawak Chinese writers. Crucial elements such as “Rumah Panjang (i.e. the long house)”, cultural festivals, head hunting habitude, primitive wizardry and etc been applied in prose writing to establish the unique “Genius Loci” which hold together the aboriginal culture and sprit & dignity, forming the secret path of guidance for readers in outer regions. The Sarawak Chinese prose favored the Ibans who do not have the ability to come out with their scripts and voices, to record the “Genius Loci” leaded from the civilization of Rumah Panjang, and witness the fall of it under the impact of urban civilization.