試論陳亮《龍川詞》的情感義蘊

On the Significance of Emotions in Chen Liang's Longchuanci

南宋陳亮《龍川詞》中的作品，其情感的內容有忠愛國家民族的情懷與文人日常生活的情致兩大類。前者情感的形式或橫肆激昂，或流緬悱惻。流緬悱惻者往往具有詮釋空間，而橫肆激昂者依其情感興發的外緣因素，則又有連結政治議論而發、緣附政治遭遇而生之微別，但皆非其政論文的簡單複製或摘要。簡言之，政論文與忠愛詞篇係各為議論與抒情之用，分別代表陳亮的理智之思與感性之情，同時又彼此互為根源。至於抒發生活情致的篇什，隨境生情，情感的具體內容雖不單一，情感的表現形式則皆傾向於幽秀妍麗。而綜觀《龍川詞》中的情感，一方面呈現一己生命的崇高與人性的生動豐富，足以滌蕩讀者心神；一方面又特具政治睿識，洞悉政權係建立於物質現實與文化認同之上，且具備對自身國族全然赤誠的政治人格情操，而為任何時代的政治人物所尤當注意講求者。因此，我們不能以為其婉麗之詞與豪放之詞相矛盾，亦不能輕言其情感不免在生命理境上有所不足，遂竟予忽視或貶抑。

Chen Liang was a man of letters in the South Song dynasty and Longchuanci was his poetry collection. The love for and commitment to nation and the intellectual's feelings for life are the main contents of the emotions in the writings of this collection. His loyal love for nation includes two types: one is manifested in the form of excitation and fervor; the other is expressed in the form of pensiveness and sentimentality. The latter usually allows for much interpretation space. Although the writings in the former category rose from Chen Liang's political undertakings and misfortune, they were not simple copies or reproductions of his political essays. In general, Chen Liang's rational essays and lyrical poems were complementary to each other. The writings showing the intellectual's various feelings for daily life tended to be graceful and elegant. To sum up, the emotions in Longchuanci exhibited human nature's richness, in particular showing Chen Liang's faithful character and his vision on the relationship between a regime and its people's cultural identification. By reading Longchuanci, a valuable work of literature, we can gain a perspective in learning how to situate ourselves in a political turmoil.