台灣閩南語謠諺中反映的性別意識

Gender Consciousness Reflected in Taiwanese Minnan Proverbs

本文以個人記憶、田野採集或文獻中檢索而得的有關性別的台灣閩南語諺語為主要材料，歌謠為輔佐材料，分析在漢人社會宗法制度制約下台灣人的家庭關係，突顯著何種性別意識，而島嶼不同區域又怎樣顯示了女性不同的社會位置，這些位置與原住民族接觸後產生了怎樣的變化；由是，我們發現了台灣人民對女性身體、情慾的想像與自主性的思維，有許多部分跳脫出傳統漢人的框架，係文化人類學家所稱之「土著化」的結果。這些意識變遷下背後所呈現的多元的性別意識，暨其與社會意義的連動性，深具觀察的價值。

This paper employs personal memory, as well as material retrieved from fieldwork and textual sources concerning gender in Taiwanese Minnan proverbs as its primary data, with folksongs as its auxiliary data, to analyze Taiwanese family relationships under the clan system and the gender consciousness evident in those relationships, as well as the manner in which the social position of women is represented differently in different areas of the island, and what changes were produced in those positions after experiencing contact with Indigenous peoples. From this research we discover that, in many ways, ideas about the female body, sexual imagination and gender autonomy diverge from the traditional Chinese framework, thus resulting in what cultural anthropologists refer to as “localization”. The consciousness of gender diversity and its continuity with social meaning manifested as a background to these alterations in gender consciousness is worthy of our consideration.