清人書劄與乾嘉學術－－從《昭代經師手簡》二種談起

The Reading Notes of Scholars of the Qing Dynasty and Learning during the Reign of Emperors Qianlong and Jiaqing: From Two Texts of the Manual Script of the Masters of Confucian Classics of the Present Age

本文以清代學人書劄為視角，對乾嘉學術作社會史的研究。文章認為，清人書劄是清代學術的重要組成部分，尤其與清代乾嘉學術有著密切的聯繫。清人書劄的經學樣式，不僅使學者顯示了個人的經學造詣，而且也成為學者交流考據心得和切磋學問的媒介，為經學研究提供了不竭的流動資源；清人書劄的經學指向，帶動了乾嘉學人經學圈之間的橫向、縱向的經學對話活動，從而促成了以蘇州、徽州、揚州、常州為中心的區域性經學群體互動的態勢；它所包含的學術資訊或學術資源都是共通的，他們處於同一個價值座標系統之內，並由此向外輻射，逐漸形成了乾嘉時期以江、浙、皖三地為一體的交叉互融、密布縱橫的經學研究網絡，從而對乾嘉學術「吳皖揚常」分野說作了新的探討。

This paper builds on research in the social history of learning during the reigns of Emperors Qianlong 乾隆 and Jiaqing 嘉慶 from a perspective of the reading notes written by Qing dynasty scholars. The classical form and orientation of the notes demonstrates the scholars’ great accomplishments in the study of the classics and became the channel through which scholars communicated with each other about the acquisition of investigations and learning. The notes provide us with a fresh resource for the study of classics. The continuous exchange between the scholars of that period contributed to the development of a regional scholarly culture in Suzhou 蘇州, Huizhou 徽州, Yangzhou 揚州, and Changzhou 常州. The academic information and resources of the intercourse belonged to the same axiological system and radiated to Jiangsu 江蘇, Zhejiang 浙江 and Anhui 安徽 where a syncretic research network was gradually shaped.