多重殘留分析法於蔬菜中殘留農藥之偵測

DETECTION OF PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN VEGETABLES BY MULTIRESIDUE METHOD

首先利用薄層層析法篩檢45種農藥，結果發現其最低檢測極限高，易受雜質干擾，並不適合作為篩檢的方法；其次利用多重殘留分析法于六種不同蔬菜（小白菜、高麗菜、蕃茄、小黃瓜、胡蘿蔔、敏豆）以氣相層析儀偵測35種農藥並進行其回收試驗，其最低檢出量為0.1-22.0ppb，結果發現除芬瑞莫（Fenarimol）回收不穩外（8.3%-72.6），其餘34種農藥均回收良好（68.0%-139.9%），適合作為快速偵測的方法。

Thin layer chromatography was not a successful screening method for 45 pesticides. It is not sensitive enough to detect most pesticides satisfactory and does not overcome the problem of interferring impurities. Therefere, the pesticide multiresidue analysis method was dvevloped, for rapid screening of foods by gas-liquid chromatography in fresh vegetables. Recovery of 35 pesticides from spiked vegetables including pe-tsai, cabbage, tomato, gherkin, carrot and string bean averaged 68. 0-139.0%, except fenarimol gave unstable recoveries (8.3-72.6%). The detection limits rang fron 0.1 to 22.0 ppb. The pestiCide residues in 202 samples of vegetables purchased from markets was analyzed by multiresidue method from Nov. 1987 to Oct. 1988 in Taiwan. The result showed that 89 of 202 samples (44.1%) were found to contain pesticide residues and 42 of 202 samples (20.8%) were in violation. The incidence of pesticide residue varied with different kinds of samples. The highest incidence was sprout vegetables, the following were leaf vegetables, root vegetables, pomefruit, cole & heade vegetables, The highest violative percentages was root vegetables and the second was sprout vegetables (excess 30%). Dithiocarbamate was the highest frequence of most pesticied residues, the following were chlorpyrifos, endosulfan, carbofuran and the highest level of pesticide residues is monocrotophos. The result of this survey disclosed the necessity of reinforcing pesticide residue control of vegetables.