論法門寺唐代〈衣物帳〉中的個體量詞

Individual Classifiers in a Tang Dynasty“Articles Tablet”at Famen Temple

法門寺地宮出土的唐代〈衣物帳〉碑，記載晚唐懿宗、僖宗、惠安皇太后、昭儀、晉國夫人等供奉給真身的供奉品。由於內容以計量為主，詳細臚列了供奉品的名稱、數量和重量，所以量詞的數目和使用的頻率皆遠遠高於同時期的傳世典籍，正是考察唐代量詞相當珍貴的第一手資料。再者，唐代正好處於漢語量詞發展史上承先啟後的關鍵期。因此，探究法門寺唐代〈衣物帳〉中量詞的實貌，具有相當大的價值和意義。本文針對〈衣物帳〉中個體量詞的意義、用例、名詞與量詞搭配的理據等進行整理分析，並與唐代的相關語料進行共時比較，更進一步從歷時的角度觀察其演變的脈絡。期能藉此呈現唐代〈衣物帳〉中個體量詞的面貌和規律，同時，彌補傳統以傳世典籍為研究對象的不足，並且填補漢語量詞史上的一段空白。

The articles tablet excavated from the underground palace at Famen Temple法門寺 records the items offered to the Buddha by Emperors Yizong懿宗 and Xizong僖宗, Queen Dowager Huian 惠安, and Ladies Jinguo晉國 and Zhaoyi昭儀, all of the late Tang Dynasty. Through careful enumeration of the names, quantities, and weights of the items that were offered, it is clear that the number of classifiers and the frequency of their usage are much greater than what documentary materials of the times normally reveal. Furthermore, the Tang dynasty was a pivotal era in the history of Chinese classifiers. Therefore, investigation of the classifiers used in the articles tablet at Famen Temple, which was inscribed during the Tang dynasty, is of immense value and significance for understanding the development of classifiers during this crucial period. This article arranges and analyzes the meanings, uses, and nouncorrespondences of individual classifiers found in the articles tablet. It then compares evidence from the articles tablet with other linguistic materials of the same period, and further examines the trajectory of development from a diachronic perspective. In doing so, this should elucidate the features and rules of individual classifiers of the Tang Dynasty, and at the same time supplement the deficiencies in the received sources, filling in the gaps in our knowledge of the history of Chinese classifiers.