核恐怖攻擊輻射事故現場應變之研究

The Study About Counteractions of Nuclear Radiation Emergencies at Scenes of Terrorist Attack

近年來恐怖主義猖獗，自911事件到最近土耳其機場的恐攻事件，一再反應出恐怖主義對國家、人民及世界和平發展造成重大威脅，反恐活動嚴然已成為各國在軍事、內政及國家發展的重要考量。隨著科技的發展，恐怖分子的攻擊手法愈來愈令人擔憂，其中最令人生懼的莫過於使用核武器，預防核武器遭恐怖組織濫用、非法運輸以及輻射事故防範、現場的緊急應變、採證、核鑑識等相關工作，顯得格外重要。本文主要探討反恐策略，對未來的反恐行動提出具體建議，希望引起對核鑑識分析的重視，了解輻射現場與刑案現場的差異後，正視問題根本，克服非必要的恐懼，正確面對與處理事故現場；本研究也參考國外輻射事故現場調查作業程序，包括現場應變之步驟，如防護措施、證據採樣、保存運送乃至權責分工及通報規劃；彙整國際現行之處理準則，引進國內，供有志者研究參考，期待拋磚引玉，引發政府及民眾更關注輻射事故現場處理之安全議題，共同制訂更完善之規範。

Terrorism had been rampant worldwide since the 9/11 attack in 2001 to the one at Turkish airport in 2016. It has posed a major threat to countries, people and world peace. Anti-terrorism and its related activities seem to become important considerations to countries for military researches, interior affairs and national developments. With innovative advancement of technology, people are worried of terrorism which involve nuclear weapons as it is the most disastrous. The issues about prevention of nuclear weapons abused by terrorist organizations, illegal transportation of nuclear weapons and protection from nuclear disasters lead to the development of the field for nuclear forensics which is critical to national security. This study aims to investigate the anti-terrorism policy and give advices for counteractions of terrorist attacks in order to emphasize importance of nuclear forensics. By understanding the differences between radiation and crime scenes we focus on critical problems and conquer unnecessary fears to deal with the incident scenes. In this research internationally operational guidelines and procedures were collected and used as references. This includes protective measures, procedures, sampling, preservation and transportation of evidences as well as even divisions of responsibilities and planning of report systems for any of the interested researchers in Taiwan. It is our expectation that we are able to throw a sprat to catch a whale. Furthermore, we look forward to attract the attentions from government and citizens regarding to issues about the processes of radiation incidents which should be thoroughly concerned and regulated.