台灣地區養殖類重金屬含量之調查

SURVEY ON THE HEAVY METALS FOR CULTURED SHELLFISHES IN TAIWAN

本調查旨在瞭解台灣地區沿海養殖貝類之重金屬（包括鉛、銅、鎘、砷、汞）含量現況。於七十五年十月至七十六年六月間，自台灣地區沿海各貝類養殖場及零售市場抽購貝類檢體共計350件，其中包括西施貝57件，文蛤76件，哈蜊及蜆101件，牡蠣116件。調查之結果，在西施貝方面，鉛含量平均為0.605 ppm （0.047-1.266 ppm），銅含量平均為1.709 ppm （0.283-9.198 ppm）， 鎘含量平均為0.128 ppm （0.024-0.272 ppm），砷含量平均為0.066 ppm （0.033-0.164 ppm），汞含量平均為0.016 ppm （ND-0.036 ppm）；文蛤方面，鉛含量平均為0.757 ppm （0.031-1.906 ppm），銅含量平均為1.388 ppm （0.440-4.703 ppm），鎘含量平均為0.209ppm （0.026-0.579 ppm），砷含量平均為0.087 ppm （0.030-0.198 ppm），汞含量平均為0.009 ppm （ND-0.039 ppm）；蛤蜊及蜆方面，鉛含量平均為0.700 ppm （0.064-1.406ppm），銅含量平均為4.339 ppm （1.451-9.693 ppm），鎘含量平均為0.164 ppm （0.039-0.346 ppm），砷含量平均為0.078 ppm （0.026-0.158 ppm），汞含量平均為0.004 ppm （ND-0.018 ppm）；牡蠣方面，鉛含量平均為0.909 ppm （0.120-3.033ppm），銅含量平均為35.808ppm （1.358-70.500 ppm），鎘含量平均為0.274 ppm （0.067-0.641 ppm），砷含量平均為0.090 ppm （0.031-0.209 ppm），汞含量平均為0.015 ppm （ND-0.041 ppm）。其重金屬的最高含量均出現在牡蠣檢體，如參照美、日、英、加等國之衛生標準，國內貝類重金屬污染情況並不嚴重。

In an attempt to understand the contamination of heavy metals (Lead, Copper, Cadmium, Arsenic, Mercury) in cultured shellfish, the survey was conducted in 1986 and 1987. Total 350 samples were randomly collected from shellfish ponds and markets in Taiwan area, including 57 purple clams, 76 short-neck clams, 101 clams and 116 oysters. The results showed that, Lead content in purple clam was 0.605 ppm (0.047-1.266 ppm), Copper content was 1.709 ppm (0.283-9.198 ppm), Cadmium content was 0.128 ppm (0.024-0.272 ppm), Arsenic content was 0.066 ppm (0.033-0.164 ppm), Mercury content was 0.016 ppm (N.D.-0.039 ppm); Lead content in short-neck clam was 0.757 ppm (0.031-1.906 ppm) Copper content was 1.388 ppm (0.440-4,703 ppm), Cadmium Content was 0.209 ppm (0.026-0.579 ppm), Arsenic content was 0.087 ppm (0.030-0.198 ppm), Mercury content was 0.009 ppm (N.D. -0.039 ppm); Lead content in clam was 0.700 ppm (0.064-1.406 ppm), Copper content was 4.339 ppm (1.451-9.693 ppm), Cadmium content was 0.164 ppm (0.039-0.346 ppm), Arsenic content was 0.078 ppm (0.026-0.158 ppm), Mercury content was 0.004 ppm (N.D. -0.018 ppm); Lead content in oyster was 0.909ppm (0.120-3.033 ppm), Copper content was 35.808 ppm (1.358-70.550 ppm), Cadmium content was 0.274 ppm (0.067-0.641 ppm), Arsenic content was 0.090 ppm (0.031-0.209 ppm), Mercury content was 0.015 ppm (N.D. -0.041 ppm). The highest contents of heavy metals were found in oysters. There are no hygenic standards of heavy metals in shellfish in our country. In comparison with the standards of the other countries, it appeared that the degree of contamination with heavy metals in shellfish was not serious.