中古時期福建地區的交通發展

Transportation Development of Fujian in the Middle Ancient Times

本文通過對中古時期地理書所載交通史料的考察，結合自然地理環境的現象，對中古時期福建的交通發展做一全面性的探討。中古時期福建的交通發展很大程度受到地理環境的制約，閩中、閩西兩大山帶不僅阻隔了福建的對外交通，所形成的破碎地形也不利於福建內部的往來。在閩中大 山帶的阻隔下，福建的交通發展形成治海與內陸兩個發展地域的格局。在 治海地區，海上交通很早就扮演相當重要的角色，但仍受造船與航海技術發展的制約。在內陸地區，閩西大山帶存在許多隘口，這些隘口與閩江、 汀江上游峽谷構成主要的交通網。至於治海與內陸之間的交通主要是依靠閩江中游l峽谷，但不論水、陸路都不是良好的交通線。

According to the historical data of the geographical books about transportation and the phenomenon of physical geographical environment, this paper provides a comprehensive discussion on the traffic development of F吋ian during the middle ancient times. The development of transportation in Fujian during the middle ancient times was restricted by the geographical environment. The transportation between Fujian and adjacent areas was separated by mountain ranges in the western and middle parts of Fujian. The broken topography is also unfavorable to the transportation among inner Fujian. Under the separation of the mountain ranges in the middle part of Fujian, the development of transportation in F吋ian formed the pattern of two developed coastland and inland regions. In the coastland, the sea route played a quite important role in early period. Also, it was still limited by the technical development of shipbuilding and navigation. In inland, there were a lot of passes of the mountain range in the western part of Fujian. Passes and the gorges in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River and the Tingjiang River constituted the main network of communication lines. It mainly depended on the gorges in the middle reaches of the Minjiang River, which were the traffic between the inlands and the coastlands. However, neither water route nor land route was not good communication lines.