看見時髦女子－－二十世紀初俗曲（時調）對於「新女性」的描述與批評

Catching Sight of Modern Girls: Description and Criticism of “New Women” in Early 20th Century Popular Songs

「女性解放」是二十世紀初中國社會面臨巨變的重要事項。數十年來，透過當時的報刊、戲曲、小說、電影，乃至於商業廣告等各種可能的媒材，探討「女性解放」議題的文章，真是不勝枚舉。然而，起於民間，多傳於歌樓酒館等娛樂場所的俗曲（時調），以其適應聽眾的心理，掌握風俗變化的隨機性與敏感性，面對「女性解放」的趨勢，以及由此引發於社會的諸多現象，展現分歧的立場與多樣的觀點，這是在如此觀念、風氣正在轉變的時代中，確實充滿矛盾情結的「社會心聲」，特別值得注意。因此，本文將透過藏於臺北中央研究院傅斯年圖書館、上海復旦大學圖書館、東京大學東洋文化研究所等處所的俗曲唱本，進行相關的文本分析，進而以俗曲對於「新女性」之「裝扮」及「行為與觀念」兩部分的描述與批評為綱，探討其在這樣一個社會變遷的關頭上，從「看見時髦女子」所表現「新」與「舊」衝突與交融的現象。

“Women’s liberation” was an important aspect of the profound social change facing China in the first part of the 20th century. For decades, it was the subject of endless discussion through media such as magazines, plays, novels, films, commercial advertising, and essays. However the popular songs that spread through teahouses and taverns expressed many viewpoints that were at odds with those of intellectuals. They captured the many complex and contradictory views held by ordinary people on the idea of women’s liberation and the phenomena it sparked in society at the time. This research carries out relevant textual analysis of the popular songbooks held in the library of the Academia Sinica in Taipei, Fudan University in Shanghai, and the University of Tokyo. Then, focusing on descriptions and criticisms of the “attire” of these “new women” and their “behavior and ideas” in the lyrics, it explores the phenomena of the clash and fusion of “new” and “old” expressed at this time of social upheaval.