高齡者使用網路服務的激勵與困擾因素

Motivating and Obstacles Factors for Elderly Using Internet Service

本研究的目的為探尋高齡者持續使用網路服務的激勵因素，與其所遭遇的困難。研究設計為接續先前「高齡者網路應用課程」的教學實驗研究，而於課程結束後半年，以課程內容設計訪談大綱，透過質性研究深度訪談的方法，及根據「使用與滿足理論」的理念，設定成功上網的篩選條件，篩選已將使用網路服務的行為融入生活中的高齡者為訪談對象，使受訪者所回應的經驗，確實能回應本研究所欲探究的研究問題。其次，研究資料蒐集則是透過半結構的深度訪談獲得，在訪談前先將訪談大綱以E-MAIL方式寄給受訪者事先瞭解內容，訪談後則利用E-MAIL請長者確認逐字稿內容，而資料分析則是將訪談所謄錄的逐字稿，分別由兩名研究團隊成員進行初級編碼，並比對兩位成員之初級編碼，如有相異處，隨即進行概念與意義的釐清，並進一步將資料組合成更高層次的主題編碼，以獲得研究的初步結果。研究發現，高齡者使用網路服務的激勵因素包括豐富與多樣的資訊來源、無時空限制的親友連繫、方便快速的生活協助與增加生活的幸福感等激勵因素；困擾因素包括身體機能的退化、心理的困擾、社會性支持不足與科技的快速更新等困擾因素。

The objective of this study is to determine the motivational factors for elderly to continue using Internet service and the problems they encounter. In order to continue the previous teaching experimental research on “Applied Internet Course for Elderly”, the study has designed interview outline based on the course content six months after the completion of the course, where qualitative in-depth interview and Uses and Gratifications Theory are applied to specify criteria for successful online experiences. The criteria are used to select senior citizens who have already incorporated Internet service into their lives as the interview targets. This is to ensure that the interviewees’ feedbacks accurately respond to the research questions in the study. Data collection is implemented through semi-structured in-depth interviews. The interview outline is given to the interviewees prior to the interview via email to allow them to understand the content in advance. After the interview, the senior citizens are asked to confirm the verbatim transcription through email, while for data analysis, after verbatim coding is conducted by two members of the research team, their results are compared. If discrepancies exist, concept and meaning clarification will be implemented, and the data will be further combined to form high level theme coding in order to obtain the preliminary results of the study. According to the study’s findings, motivating factors for elderly using Internet service include: rich and diversified source of information, unrestricted contact with friends and family, convenience, speed and increased happiness in life. The obstacles factors include: degeneration of body functions, concern about the disclosure of confidential information, distress of mentality, lack of social support and rapid advancements in technology etc.