「慕谷慕魚」原住民鳴槍封路事件之媒體再現研究

Warning Gunshots from Indigenous Peoples: A Case Study on News Representation of Mukumugi Struggle

本研究以2014年發生於花蓮「慕谷慕魚」之「原住民鳴槍封路」新聞報導為例，觀察平面媒體報導對於「慕谷慕魚」此一觀光景點發生的衝突抗議事件中，包括原住民權益、在地觀光發展、經濟利益，與環境保育等各種議題軸線所交織而成的新聞文本。本研究以此新聞事件之媒體再現圖像為基礎，以框架分析爬梳隱藏於新聞文本中的文化意涵與社會意義。本研究發現，「慕谷慕魚」原住民鳴槍封路事件之媒體再現，面臨概念和結構上的雙元挑戰。在概念上的挑戰，媒體報導的既有框架，多側重於抗爭事件的衝突本身，未能在報導中呈現在地議題的全貌與發展脈絡，一旦在地族人沒有持續發動激烈的抗爭或衝突事件，新聞議題便從媒體消失；在結構上的挑戰，媒體報導雖突顯在地原住民族人的發聲與抗爭，然而，細究新聞事件中的發聲者／消息來源以及各種新聞角色，研究發現新聞事件中的發聲者大多數並非座落於權力核心結構中的決策者，儘管在地族人以激烈抗爭擴大自己的發聲規模，突破地方新聞界線登上主流媒體重要新聞版面，但主流媒體新聞再現圖象側重於「衝突取向」，也呼應了過去原住民再現研究中所指陳「當具有衝突與爭議性的題材出現時，原住民才會被報導出來」之相關批判。

The case of this study is a controversial news story over government policies aiming economic growth from tourism, protests organized by indigenous peoples, and challenges facing environment sustainability in Eastern Taiwan where is famous for tourism. A content analysis was first conducted on mainstream newspapers in Taiwan to display news representation of a protest ignited by warning gunshots from local indigenous peoples in Mukumugi in Eastern Taiwan in 2014. The gunshots fired into air were not only to summon the spirits of their ancestors but also to protect their land from an influx of tourists from other cultures. In order to examine how local groups communicate their collective memory and identity to journalists and how the journalists come to understand and report the phenomena, this study drew on data from the content analysis to explore to what extent different frames were framing in the news reportage by professional journalists. This study concludes by asking if the various frames adopted by professional journalists are capable of fostering viable communication under current and future conditions.