國圖藏《說文木部箋異》稿本

The Manuscript of Shouwen Mu Bu Jian Yi in National Central Library’s Collection

東漢許慎所撰《說文解字》，是中國文字學史上的重要典籍。徐鍇的《說文解字繫傳》，為今傳足本《說文解字》的最早版本，世稱小徐本；徐鉉校訂《說文》，世稱大徐本。兩書都是《說文解字》最重要的版本，其最早的本子是宋本。同治元年（1862）出現了《說文解字》木部的唐寫本殘卷，是文字學界的大事。莫友芝（1811-1871）得此殘卷後，「乃取大、小徐本通讎異同」，撰成《唐寫本說文解字木部箋異》，於同治三年問世，對《說文》研究的影響很大。莫氏《唐寫本說文解字木部箋異》刊行本，學界知之甚詳。但國家圖書館所藏 3 種與此刊本密切相關的珍貴稿本，卻鮮為人知。它們是：《箋異》最原始的稿本、《箋異》增益版稿本、《箋異》刊行本作者批校稿。本文主要針對這些未刊稿本進行比較研究，試圖理出作者增刪損益的痕跡，並重點說明其與刊行本的主要差異。其結果當有助於《說文》的研究及對莫友芝學思歷程的了解。

Xu Shen of Han Dynasty composed a dictionary entitled Shuowen Jiez (literally 'Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters'). It is a very important work in the history of Chinese writing system. Xu Kai’s work Shuowen Jiez Xi Chuan was believed to be the remained earliest complete version of Shuowen Jiez. It is usually specified as “Junior Xu’s Version.” There is another version, a revised version of Shuowen Jiez by Xu Hsuan which is usually specified as “Senior Xu’s Version.” Both of them are very important version of Shuowen Jiez. It had been believed that these Song Dynasty editions were the remained earliest editions of Shuowen Jiez until an incomplete Tang Dynasty manuscript version of it was found in 1862. The remained manuscript segment is the words list under Mu Bu (Tree Radical). Discovery of this segment is quite a significant thing in the literary world. A scholar named Mo Yiou-Chih (1811-1871) thereafter checked this manuscript version against the “Junior Xu’s Version” and the “Senior Xu’s Version” and composed a textual criticism entitled Tang Hieh Ben Shuowen Jiez Mu Bu Jian Yi (literally 'Differences Shown in the Tang Manuscript of Shuowen Jiez Tree Radical“). Mo’s work was published in 1864 and it has greatly influenced the researches on Shuowen Jiez. The published Mo’s work Tang Hieh Ben Shuowen Jiez Mu Bu Jian Yi is well known to the scholarly community. However, very few people know about the three precious Manuscripts of Mo’s work during the composing stages, they are: 1. The first draft of Jian Yi; 2. The draft of Jian Yi with additions; 3. The pre-print with author’s checking notes. In this article, the author tried to do a comparison study among all these unpublished manuscript versions. The comparison was focused on the deletion and additions among different versions. The author finally pointed out the major differences the published version showed. It is hoped that this comparison study could clarify the changes of Mo’s thinking, and could benefit the researches on Shuowen Jiez.