大學生焦慮與憂鬱之共病現象及其心理輔導意涵之研究

A study on comorbidity of anxiety and depression among university students: implications for student counseling

本研究旨在探討大學生是否有「焦慮與憂鬱共病（comorbidity）」現象？如有，其比率為何？此共病的心理健康特徵為何？其在大學生心理輔導之意涵為何？本研究採問卷調查法，研究樣本為中國文化大學大一學生4833人，調查工具為「大學生心理健康篩選量表」。研究結果如下：（一）如以全體樣本來看，出現焦慮、憂鬱、共病等三類之頻率很低，分別為1.1%、1.3%、0.8%。（二）焦慮與憂鬱之相關高達.76；如以高焦慮或高憂鬱傾向之樣本而言，同時兼有焦慮、憂鬱傾向之共病樣本之比率頗高，介於37.9%至41.5%間。（三）焦慮與憂鬱共病組在自傷、思考特殊、衝動行為上表現異常，顯示共病組有多方面的適應困難。（四）焦慮與憂鬱分別與自傷、思考特殊、衝動行為的相關高達.55至.70間，因此焦慮與憂鬱與後三變項間是否亦具有共病傾向？值得再進一步探究。根據上述探討結果，提出心理輔導上之意涵，供未來輔導與研究的參考。

The purposes of this study are to investigate the prevalence and mental health status of anxiety-depression comorbidity among university students. Further, what are the comorbidity’s implications for student counseling. The survey method was applied in this study. A total sample size of 4892 freshman students of Chinese Culture University in 2011, were chosen as subjects. The University Student's Mental Health Screening Scale was employed to collect data. The findings are as follows: 1. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and comorbidity groups in the total sample are 1.1% , 1.3%, and 0.8% respectively. 2. The correlation between anxiety and depression is .76. In the anxious or depressive sample, the prevalences of the comorbidity of anxiety and depression are between 37.9% to 41.5%. 3. The anxiety-depression comorbidity group has higher score on self-injury, specific thinking, and impulsive behavior, which shows the complicated adjustment problems. 4. The correlations of anxiety and depression with self-injury, specific thinking, and impulsive behavior are between .55~.70. It deserves further to research on the anxiety or depression combobit to the latter three variables. Based on the previous findings, some implications for student counseling and further study are suggested.