高脂血症中西醫飲食治療之探討

Dietetic Treatment for Hyperlipidemias in TCM and Western Medicine

血脂是血漿或血清中脂類的總稱，主要有膽固醇、三酸甘油酯、磷脂、游離脂肪酸等，血中的脂類含量超過正常濃度稱為高脂血症。高脂血症可根據發生異常改變的血脂成分的不同，分為高膽固醇血症、高三酸甘油酯血症、混合性高脂血症。飲食治療是高脂血症治療的基礎，通過飲食治療能使運送膽固醇的脂蛋白減少，並可降低高脂血症患者發生心肌梗塞的危險性。中醫的食療、藥膳及西方醫學之營養醫療對於高脂血症的飲食控制各有其理論基礎及方法，本文即在探討兩者間的異同之處，期能結合兩者之優點以提供高脂血症患者更佳之飲食計畫，對病情之控制能達最佳的效果。

Blood lipids (or blood fats) are lipids in the plasma or serum. They include cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipids and free fatty acids. Hyperlipidemias is the presence of raised or abnormal levels of lipids in the blood. Based on the pattern of lipoproteins, hyperlipidemias are classified into three types of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and mixed hyperlipidemia. Dietetic treatment is the key factor in the treatment of hyperlipidemias. Dietetic treatment can not only reduce lipoprotein that transports cholesterol to peripheral tissues but also reduce the risk of myocardial infarction in hyperlipidemias patients. In the dietary control of hyperlipidemias, dietotherapy and herbal medicinal diet of TCM and nutrition therapy of western medicine have their own theoretical basis and methods. The aim of this study is to compare the similarities and differences between TCM and western medicine. We hope to combine the advantages of both methods in order to provide better diet programs for hyperlipidemias and get better control on patients' condition.