《物權法》第245條評注

Comments on Art 245 of the Property Law of People's Republic of China

為了保護佔有，《物權法》第245條規定了佔有返還請求權與佔有妨害請求權，以及相應的損害賠償請求權，並將佔有返還請求權的存續期間限定為1年。其中，佔有返還請求權與佔有妨害請求權性質上屬於物上請求權，統稱佔有保護請求權，損害賠償請求權則屬於侵權請求權。本文結合學理與判例對該條文的解釋與適用進行評注，列陳兩類佔有保護請求權的適用前提與法律效果，釐清佔有保護與損害賠償的適用關係，並分析第245條與其他規範的體系關聯。

With the purpose of protect possession, Art. 245 of the Property Law of People's Republic of China provides that, the possessor has the claim to restore possession (extinguished at the end of one year after the act of unlawful deprivation), the claim on account of interference with possession, and claim to compensation for damages. The first two possessory claims are 'dingliche Ansprueche', differing from the claim to compensation of the tort law. This paper focuses on the interpretation and application of this norm, with demonstration of the legal requirements and consequences of the two possessory claims, dissection of the relationship between possessory protection and liability in damages, and investigation of the system correlation between Art. 245 and the other provisions.