影響初診病患醫療費用因素探討

The Impact of First-visiting Patients with Medical Expenses Factors

在台灣競爭激烈的醫療服務市場中，初診病患數量增加與否是醫療機構服務量是否能夠繼續成長的重要指標。病患之醫療費用是醫院重要財務支柱，而初診病患是醫院新客源，開拓初診病患市場是醫院行銷重點之一，本研究以2007年至個案醫院就醫的初診病患資料進行統計分析，並使用逐步迴歸模式來分析影響初診病患醫療費用的因素，目的在探討影響初診病患醫療費用的相關因素。研究結果顯示初診病患的平均年齡為32.18歲；就醫科別以內科、外科、小兒科、婦產科與骨科最多；就醫疾病診斷別則以不明情況下一些症候群、中毒損傷與呼吸系統疾病較多，佔所有疾病之50%。研究發現，年齡、就醫科別與疾病診斷皆會影響初診病患的總醫療費用。特別是年齡與就醫科別為影響初診病患醫療費用之最主要因素，中高齡的初診就醫病患有較高的醫療費用，若不考慮不同醫療專科別醫療收入之獲利情況差異下，醫療機構應爭取開發高齡者之新客源。就醫疾病別來看，損傷及中毒與徵候、症狀及診斷欠明之各種病態疾病佔全部疾病使用率近四成以上，建議醫療機構以中醫利於此數類疾病診治優勢，來爭取初診病人的青睞，以擴展醫療機構整體之醫療業務。

Among the highly competitive market of medical treatment service in Taiwan, whether the amount of service of medical organizations will continuously progress depends largely on whether the amount of first-visiting patient increase. The medical expense of patients is the important financial pillar of hospitals. First-visiting patients are new customers of hospitals, thus, to develop the market of new patients is the key point of hospitals’ marketing. This research conducts the analysis of statistics according to the information of patients who have the first visit to hospitals and utilizes the mode of stepwise regression to analyze the factors affecting the medical expense of first-visiting patients. The goal is to discuss the related reasons exercising influence on the medical expense of new customers. The results indicate that the average age of first-visiting customers is 32.18; and that the patients of internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology department and orthopedics are the most. Syndrome caused by unknown reason, toxication and injury, and disease of respiratory system are the majority of the symptom for visiting doctors, accounting for fifty percent of all the diseases. The research shows that age, the department of visiting and diagnosis of diseases all affect the total expense of medical treatment of first-visiting patients. Age and the department of visiting are especially the main factors influencing the expense of medical treatment of first-visiting patients. Middle-aged and elderly patients for first visiting pay for much higher expense. Excluding the differences of the income profit of distinct departments, medical organization should actively develop new customers of elderly age. In the aspect of diseases for taking medical treatment, injury, toxication and syndrome, symptom and anonymous diagnosis of all kinds of sicknesses account for forty percent of the total utility rate of diseases. Therefore, it is suggested that medical organization take the advantage of those kinds of diseases to win the favor of first-visiting patients, and thus expand the whole medical sale of medical organization.