音樂介入對使用呼吸器患者之焦慮成效探討──前驅性研究

The Effects of a Musical Intervention on the Anxiety Level of Mechanical Ventilation Patients: a Pilot Study

目的：焦慮是使用呼吸器患者常見之反應，而焦慮對病患會造成許多負面之影響，本研究目的為探討音樂介入對使用呼吸器病患之焦慮改善程度。方法：採實驗性研究方法，於2011年6月至2012年6月期間，以隨機方式分成實驗組30人及對照組32人。實驗組給予自選音樂聆聽30分鐘之音樂，而控制組則施以同時間之一般護理。於介入前後收集病患之視覺焦慮量表、脈搏、血壓及唾液可體松等焦慮指標，並以Paired t-test進行前後測之比較。結果：本研究結果顯示兩組在基本屬性與前測具同質性，而比較兩組病患焦慮相關指標改變量之差異，實驗組接受音樂介入後其視覺焦慮量表分數（t=-7.22，p＜0.001）、脈搏（t=-7.50，p＜0.001）及收縮壓（t=-7.22，p＜0.001）等皆顯著下降，而唾液可體松及舒張壓並無達顯著差異，而在控制組各焦慮指標並無顯著差異。結論：音樂介入對於呼吸器使用患者能達到減緩焦慮之功效。

Purposes: Anxiety is a common reaction in patients who are receiving mechanical ventilation support, and this has a negative impact on those patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a musical intervention on the anxiety level of mechanical ventilation patients. Methods: Between June 2011 and June 2012, patients who were receiving mechanical ventilation were recruited and randomized into either the experimental group (N=30) or the control group (N=32). In the experimental group, 30-minutes of self-selected music was played for these patients along with regular nursing care. Only regular nursing care was provided to the control group. Visual analogue anxiety scores, heart rate, blood pressure and saliva cortisol levels were recorded before and after the intervention. Paired t-tests were used to compare values before and after the experiment. Results: Both groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic characteristics and clinical features on the pre-test. In the experimental group, the anxiety scores (t=-7.22, p<0.001), heart rate (t=-7.50, p<0.001) and systolic blood pressure (t=-7.22, p<0.001) decreased significantly after receiving music therapy. There were no significant differences in saliva cortisol levels or diastolic blood pressure. In the control group, however, there were no significant differences in any of the variables. Conclusions: A musical intervention for patients who are receiving mechanical ventilation could alleviate anxiety.