中市社區婦女對尿失禁知識與態度之探討

An Investigation of Urinary Incontinence Knowledge, Attitudes and Related Factors among Women in the Taichung City Community

本研究旨在探討社區中年已婚婦女對尿失禁的知識、態度及其相關因素。使用問卷調查法，以台中市某區40-65歲之社區婦女為研究對象，採立意取樣，共得有效問卷99份。研究結果顯示曾發生尿失禁者佔43%，影響尿失禁發生的因素為：年齡、胎次、高血壓有無、糖尿病有無、停經與否，多為不可逆(unmodifiable)因素。約有六、七成受試者有正確的尿失禁知識，且不因個人特質、疾病有無、手術有無、停經與否、發生尿失禁與否而有不同。受試者對尿失禁的態度傾向於在意、負向的。但，尿失禁的知識與態度無關。基於研究發現可知，加強宣導以提升尿失禁的知識是不足以協助社區婦女去除對尿失禁的負向態度，顯示提早提升婦女的警覺力（包括知識和態度），提早預防尿失禁發生是很重要的。依研究結果建議，未來除繼續加強宣導尿失禁的知識外，更要兼顧社區婦女對尿失禁的態度及其照護。

The purpose of this research was to try to understand and to explore related factors concerning middle aged women's knowledge and attitudes towards urinary incontinence. The survey was conducted using a questionnaire and the subjects were married women aged from 40 years to 65 years from the northern area of Taichung City, Taiwan. In total, 99 valid questionnaires were returned and the research results were as follows. About 43% of the persons sampled suffered from urinary incontinence and the influencing factors for urinary incontinence were age, having given birth, high blood pressure, diabetes and menopause. Most of these factors cannot be changed by outside influence. Between 60% and 70% of the subjects had correct knowledge about urinary incontinence and this was not affected by their disease status, previous surgical history, menopause or the presence of urinary incontinence. The subjects had overall negative attitudes and feelings towards urinary incontinence; however, no relationship was found between the subjects' knowledge and attitude. Based on our research findings, we find that it is not enough just to improve knowledge in order to help women in the community move away from a negative attitude towards urinary incontinence. It is clear that what is important is improving the women's vigilance (include their knowledge and attitudes) and preventing urinary incontinence from happening ahead of time. It is therefore important to continue to strengthen and improve knowledge about urinary incontinence in the future in order to bring about changes in the attitudes of women toward urinary incontinence.