國外實施電子監控經驗之比較研究－－以澳洲、紐西蘭及英國為例

The Comparison and Analysis of Electronic Monitoring in Advanced Countries－Australia, New Zealand and England as an example

在刑事司法系統中，電子監控的使用經常引起許多倫理、法律性及實用性等議題的爭論，當監控功能逐漸成為懲罰目的下最主要運用的產物，擴張現代監控科技之權限，以為達到限制、監控犯罪人的目的，則容易導致電子監控在懲罰功能上的質疑，即使電子監控本身並不具有懲罰性質，但電子監控的實施仍舊與居家監禁等司法強制力的懲罰一樣，對於犯罪人身自由上之限制，具有相當巨大的影響力；隨著繁雜的爭議及問題交互之產生，使得電子監控在規模、應用及分布上，大幅度引發了關注，雖然電子監控在國外已行有時日，惟他山之石可以攻錯，藉由探討各國的電子監控政策，可以給予我們省思以及借鏡，並且思考與比較我國政策之合理性及正當性，本文茲先就澳洲、紐西蘭、英國等3個國家經驗來實施電子監控之分析與檢視。

The USE of Electronic Monitoring (EM) in Criminal Justice System always poses ethical, legal and practical debates. While the function of surveillance has gradually becomes the purpose of punishment in order to expand the modern surveillance technology for constraining and monitoring criminals, the role of EM in penal system is always in questions. However, even EM itself does not represent the sign of punishment, it still plays great influence upon the constrains of criminals’ freedom as powerful as home confinement. Therefore, the use, application and distribution of EM has been caused great concerns. This paper aim to employ cross-national research method to introduce and examine EM system and practice at Australia, New Zealand, and England for further offering comprehensive picture of EM at international level. It hopes to build explicit perspectives and interpretations for the development of contemporary crime control and punishment.