半導體製造業累積性工作傷害現況調查

Investigation of Current Status of Cumulative Trauma Disorders in Semiconductor Manufacturing Industry

半導體製造業目前是我國少數具有國際競爭力的高科技產業。半導體業的快速成長使得產業內的從業人員也以非常快的速度增加，因此從業人員的工作安全與衛生問題的重要性與日俱增。本研究以半導體製造業之從業人員為對象進行累積性工作傷害的現況調查。研究的方式是以人員訪談、問卷調查、與現場工作分析的方式進行。問卷分析的結果顯示對於半導體製造業從業人員而言，肌肉痠痛是很普遍的肌肉骨骼系統症狀；發生症狀最多的身體部位是肩膀、腳踝／腳與下背；大多數有肌肉骨骼系統症狀的受訪者認為他們的症狀是完全或部份由工作所造成的；而有四成以上反應有症狀的受訪者認為他們的工作能力因為這些症狀而有稍為降低或是明顯降低的情形。人員訪談的結果顯示許多作業人員抱怨因長時間的站立及走動致使腿部痠痛。現場工作分析的結果顯示各項工作的重複性並不高，因此上肢累積性工作傷害的潛在風險並不大；然而下肢則因長時間的站立及走動對從業人員健康的影響反而較為顯著。

Semiconductor industry is one of the leading high-tech industries in Taiwan. The working population of the industry increased drastically in the past ten years due to the expeditious expansion of the manufacturing facilities. The workplace safety issues, therefore, become more and more significant to the society. This research investigated the current status of cumulative trauma discorders in the semiconductor industry by means of interview with operators, questionnaire survey, and job analysis. The results show that muscle pain is a very common sypmtom. shoulder, ankle/foot, and low back are the body segments that most muscloskeletal symptoms are reported. Majority of the workers believe that their symptoms might be attributed completely or partially to their jobs. More than forty percent of those who reported musculoskeletal symptoms felt that their working ability reduced either slightly or significantly because of the symptoms. Interviews with operators showed that many workers complained about lower limbs problems because of prolonged standing and walking around. The results of job analysis indicated that the jobs observed were less repetitive. The risk of cumulative trauma discorders of the upper limbs is, therefore, not significant. On the other hand, the problems of lower limbs are more significant because of excessive standing and walking.