中學生健康減重網路學習素材發展與評估

The Development and Evaluation of Web-based Healthy Weight Reduction Curriculum for High School Students

為配合資訊時代的需求，如何將資訊網路科技融入衛生教育領域中，實為當前醫學界刻不容緩之要務。本研究旨在應用行為理論之計劃性學習、認知理論之情境問題導向學習與建構論、並融入跨越行為模式、激發學習動機的教學性策略等於網路學習，研擬設計與發展一套適合青少年的健康減重衛教課程網站。本課程在媒體表現方面定位於能呈現網路超媒體特性的「線上課程」，在學習對象與實施場域方面定位為「線上課程為主，面授為輔」。在設計理念上，本研究根據文獻分析認為結合網路之青少年健康減重衛教課程設計，具有下列效益，分別為：(1)具匿名性的特質，可避免許多因面對面接觸所帶來的尷尬場面；(2)具有立即互動性，學習不再受時空影響，可隨時在線上與專業人員互動、諮詢；(3)具經濟效益，學生經由線上學習即可獲得專業的減重諮詢與知識；(4)可呈現動態的多媒體教材內容，增進學習效果；(5)可提供使用者自主的網路學習環境；(6)可營造網路社群及促進合作學習。在衛教教材的設計模式上，本研究之教材發展乃根據Passerini及Granger的「混合型設計模式」，修正後使其適用於本研究教材之設計與發展，並融合各式學習理論，醫師、營養師與衛教師專業意見，專業醫學文獻內容分析，瞭解網路課程需要性與應包含的學習項目、適合的學習活動後而設計。本研究依此流程發展出的青少年健康減重衛教網路學習系統，歷經專家、焦點團體評鑑以及青少年使用者測試等多次形成性評估與修正之後發現，本研究所研發的青少年健康減重衛教網路學習素材，在教學設計上能達到健康減重的目標，在人機介面設計上達到一定的使用性原則，並可引發青少年的學習動機與採用意願。本研究之成果希望能作為未來發展衛生教育網路學習素材之參考，不僅透過網路科技輔助青少年的衛生教育教學，也藉由網路無遠弗屆的特性提供青少年自學素材，來提昇國內青少年之健康。未來希望更進一步推廣至各年齡層及各個不同的衛教議題。

In order to keep up with the coming information era, it is an urgent task for medical institutes to integrate information technology into health education. The purpose of this study is to apply transtheoretical model, situated problem-based learning strategy, the ARCS motivation model and e-learning environment to design and develop on-line healthy weight reduction curriculum and website for adolescent.The Healthy Weight Reduction Curriculum was designed and provided for its mission accordingly. The curriculum proposed is a hybrid of on-line and face-to-face styles. This study mapped out ten units in the web site to introduce healthy weight reduction program to high schoolstudents. These units include: (1) school history building, (2)health care center, (3)restaurant, (4)welfare society, (5)the sports ground, (6)bulletin board system (BBS) for postings, (7)the bulletin board, (8)internet Resources, (9) my diary, and (10) contacting with us. When designing the curriculum, the factors were considered as in the following: (1) anonymity help to reduce the embarrassment of face-to-face situations, (2) high interactivity to enhance the interaction between learners and medical staff, (3) effectiveness and efficiency due to the professional opinions from medial experts directly, (4) multimedia presentation to demonstrate multi-modality information, (5) learner-center design to promote active learning, and (6) on-line community to help cooperative learning. After being evaluated by the experts, focus group and adolescent users, it was found that the curriculum achieved its set goals. In addition, the design of the computer-human interface met the usability design guidelines, and helped motivate students' learning. By assisting adolescents to construct correct concept of diet, and to conduct healthy weight reduction behavior with the Internet Technology, it was concluded that the curriculum developed in this study could become an on-line curriculum model for future health education.