論法律行為的形式－－羅馬法的傳統與近現代民法的演變

On the Form of Legal Transaction: from Roman Law to Modern Civil Law

羅馬法和日爾曼法均被認為是法律形式主義傳統的源頭和代表。究其原因，很大部分是因為西方這兩大古代法律秩序都崇尚形式，很多時候將規範的效力與形式掛鉤。而形式的意涵在歷史發展中經歷了連續演化與不斷闡釋，時至今日，轉變為現代民法要式制度的基礎。通過歷史考察（尤其是論題的追蹤），揭示出民法上的要式制度和形式主義法學論題之間的關係，有助於我們深入把握近現代民法本身的演變。

Roman law and Germanic law were both classified as the representations and origins of the formalism legal tradition. The reasons of this classification owe partly to the fact that both of the aforesaid legal orders linked the effects of its legal norms to certain formal acts. Such topics were developed into the basis of formal legal transaction in modern civil law. By exploring the historical context of related topics, such as relations between formal legal transactions and legal formalism, the image of the evolution of modern civil law can be more clear.