人格權財產化和財產權人格化理論困境的剖析與破解

An Analysis on and Solution of the Dilemma of Propertization of Personality Right and the Personlization of Property Right

人格權財產化和財產權人格化是困擾民法研究的兩個問題。傳統上對這兩種現象分別展開研究，無法提供令人滿意的理論解釋和實務處理。在民事權利二元性理論視角下，人格權和財產權均內在地具有精神利益和財產利益，只是由於兩種利益在二者中的比例不同，從而決定了主體對不同權利客體的處分性也不同。特定社會的科學技術與社會倫理道德是決定兩種利益不同比例和權利客體可處分性的重要因素。人格權在民法典中獨立成編不僅體現了民事權利體系的邏輯結構，也是應對人格權不斷發展的需要。民法典應在原則上確認民事權利客體的可處分性，同時規定法定例外情形，在此基礎上，再由各編具體條款對具體民事權利客體的可處分性進行個別規定。

Propertization of personality right and the personlization of property right are two puzzling problems in civil law. According to the theory of Dualism of Civil Rights, moral interests and economic interests are both inherently in the personality right and property right. Science and technology, ethic and morals are two decisive factors influencing the disposability of the right subject The independence of personality right in the civil code is both the embodiment of the logic structure of civil rights the need to deal with the development of personality right. The civil code should confirm the disposability of the subject of civil right in general clause and provide statutory exceptions and regulate the disposability of the subject of civil right in specific clauses.