多元策略對國小四年級學童視力保健知識、態度、行為之成效研究

The Effectiveness of Multiple Stratagem on Vision Care Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors among the 4th Graders of Elementary School

目的：本研究之主要目的為探討國小四年級學童在視力保健多元策略介入後，對視力保健知識、態度及行為的成效。方法：不等組前、後測準實驗設計，以國小4年級共166位學童為本研究參與對象，實驗組84人，對照組82人，實驗組執行為期五週之介入計畫，介入內容包括：課室內教學、校園活動及家長檢核學童在家視力保健行為。結果：實驗組與對照組前測資料屬同質性，實驗組接受介入後，視力保健知識前後測差異的平均值為0.56（對照組0.23），沒有顯著差異，視力保健態度的平均值為1.22（對照組-0.15）、視力保健行為的平均值為4.91（對照組-0.43），二者皆達顯著差異(p<.05,p<.001)。結論：本研究結果顯示，透過所發展的視力保健多元策略的介入，可有效增進國小四年級學童「視力保健態度」及「視力保健行為」，實驗組在這些變項的立即教育效果均顯著優於對照組。

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of vision care of classroom teaching, multiple stratagem, and coalition with parents on vision care knowledge, attitudes and behaviors among the 4th graders of elementary school. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study included a pre-post test design with both an experimental group and control group. Participants were fourth grade students from elementary schools. The experimental group consisted of 84 students undertaking 5 weeks intervention including teaching courses, activities, and checklists at home, 82 students in the control group in the other school. Result: Homogeneity of experimental group and control group was observed in pretest. The experimental group had a post and before difference score of 0.56 of vision care knowledge (control group 0.23) there is not significantly higher than control group, 1.22 of vision care attitude score (control group -0.15), 4.91 of vision care behavior score (control group -0.43), which were significantly higher than control group (p<.05, p<.001). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the intervention of vision health education had an immediate effectiveness on promoting vision care attitudes and behaviors among the 4th graders of elementary school children.