教育介入對於台灣校護結核病防治行為意圖的作用

Effects of an educational program on tuberculosis control intention in Taiwan school nurses

目的：本研究目的旨在檢驗排除潛在干擾因子後，教育介入後的知識、態度對於結核病防治行為意圖的作用，及其與人口特徵的關聯。方法：本研究為單組前後測類實驗性設計。研究對象為公私立高中職及大專院校學校護理人員，以方便取樣387人完成課程介入。介入教育內容包含：結核菌傳染、結核菌治療、接觸者檢查及追蹤、防治政策法規及實際操作經驗分享等，教育時數共計六小時。以自填問卷方式收集資料；資料分析採用線性複迴歸進行假設檢定。結果：教育介入後知識、態度及行為意圖得分顯著高於介入前；複迴歸分析顯示，調整潛在干擾因子後，介入後行為意圖的決定因子為：服務於大專院校者，B = 2.274（p < 0.01）與介入後的態度（B = 0.330，p < 0.001），但知識並無顯著性。結論：本研究證實學校護士可透過教育訓練，來提升其對TB防治的態度與行為意向，能有助於學校護士在校園中推動結核病防治工作。

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of knowledge and attitudes on tuberculosis control intention associated with demographic characteristics, by removing the potential confounders, resulting from an educational program. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with one group of pretest-posttest design. The study recruited 387 school nurses, with the use of a convenient sampling technique. The educational contents included the TB epidemiology, treatment, risks of infection, contacts’ tracing, policies of control, and the actual operating experience sharing. The entire process was six hours duration. A self- administered questionnaire survey method was used during the data collection. Testing of the hypotheses was achieved through the use of linear regression. Results: The program has a significant improvement on knowledge, attitude, and control intention from the score of pretest to the posttest. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the determinants of control intention of the participants that work in colleges were B = 2.274 (p＜.01), and the post-training attitude (B = .330, p＜.001). Results of regression were computed after eliminating the potential confounders. However, there is no evidence of significant knowledge. Conclusion: The study disclosed that school nurses could increase their attitudes and behavior intention through education programs. The results further revealed that it could also help them to launch TB prevention and control programs in their respective campuses.