身心障礙照顧機構緊急救護與災難應變原則－－文獻分析

Emergency & Disaster Preparedness Programme for People with Disabilities Caring in Institution: Literature Review

天然災害與新興傳染病已成為公共衛生的焦點，這些問題所造成的災難或緊急事件似乎逐漸成為人類生命中必經歷的過程，它影響整個社會、國家甚至全球民眾生命財產安全。儘管我國近年來在緊急醫療照護與災害防救法令體系建置已逐漸完整，然而仍有諸多問題尚待建立相關制度，尤其台灣在邁入高齡化社會，長期照顧機構諸如老人福利機構、護理之家或身心障礙福利機構等，因其住民皆屬弱勢中的弱勢，建置一套符合照顧機構需求的緊急防災與救護系統有其必要性。過去國內有關身心障礙照顧機構在緊急事件或災難事件處理研究與文獻相較於國外較為缺乏，因此本論文利用文獻回顧，整理分析國外針對身心障礙照顧機構緊急救護與災難應變原則，提供給身心障礙者、機構照顧人員與管理者相關資訊，以做為未來設計因應身心障礙福利機構緊急救護與災難應變準備之政策參考。

Nature disasters and new infectious diseases have become spotlight of public health, and they cause social and global problems and many people will experience in their life years. Although Taiwan has set up sound emergency & disaster preparedness in recent years, many issues still confront in the disaster management system. Particularly in the aging society, many elderly and disabled population are caring in the long term care facilities where needed well-established health and safety environments to protect their livings. The aims of the present paper reviews recent literature to exam the western countries’ experience on emergency & disaster preparedness programme for people with disabilities caring in disability institution. We try to provide useful information for designing an appropriate emergency & disaster preparedness programme to empower people with disabilities and their caregivers to take control the negative determinants of health, to protect their health.