中國網路公共領域：功能、異化與規制

Internet Public Sphere in China: Function, Alienation and Regulation

傳統公共領域理論不適合描述以互聯網為主要媒介的當代中國公共領域。網絡公共領域的運作超出政治範疇，衝擊著社會各領域的既有規則和秩序，承擔著促進諸社會子系統自我反思的功能，全面推動了社會結構的轉型升級。網路公共領域的異化並非源於外部權力干預，而是源於網路企業主導的架構設計，後者塑造了網路公眾的行為模式。當前的網路規制聚焦行為而非架構，無視線上／線下空間的分化，面臨合理性和合法性雙重困境。應當探索公私合作的新型規制模式，避免侵犯公眾在Web 2.0環境下得以實際行使的基本權利。

The traditional theories of public sphere are not suitable for describing the contemporary public sphere in China where the Internet functions as the main communication medium. Transcending the political sphere, the Internet public sphere impacts the existing rules and orders of the various areas of society, bearing the function of promoting the self-reflection of various social sub-systems, which then advances the all-over transformation and upgrading of the social structure. The alienation of the Internet public sphere was not caused by the intervention of outside power, but has rooted in the particular architecture of the Internet designed by the internet enterprises which in turn has been shaping the behavioral pattern of the public in the Internet. The current regulation of Internet focuses, however, on the behaviors rather than the architecture of the Internet, ignoring the differentiation between the online and offline public sphere, so that it necessarily faces the double dilemma of rationality and legitimacy. The new mode regarding the public-private co-regulation shall be explored to avoid the actually enjoyed fundamental rights of the public being infringed in the circumstance of web 2. 0.