所有權抑或地產權？——早期普通法中的地產權觀念

本文從羅馬法與普通法在地產權制度方面的比較開始，分析了所有權這一概念在普通法地產權制度中的不適宜性，並提出用地產權概念取代所有權的建議，以達到更好理解普通法地產權制度的目的；然後又以羅馬法的所有權為參照，剖析了地產權的一些特性， 以及它與占有的關系。本文的目的不在強調羅馬法和普通法之間在不動產權利方面的區別，相反，作者認為這二者之間在實質上是相通的，而它們之間的所謂的區別只不過在於彼此的陌生， 因此作者突出強調了要從歷史角度對普通法地產權制度進行理解的重要性。

This article aims at disclosing the difference between “ownership” in Roman law and “estate” at common law. The author doesn ’t think it’s proper to use the word “ownership” to express the meaning of “estate” in Chinese context. So he tries to encourage to understand the common law in it’s own atmosphere. Neither does the author think there exists great difference between Roman law and the common law in any substantial sense, and he believes what really matter would rather be the interpretation of common law with a Roman law back ground or criteria in China than anything of those two legal Systems themselves.