植入人工電子耳聽損兒童的聲母構音能力

Consonant Articulation Abilities in Children with Cochlear Implants

研究主要目的為（1）了解植入人工電子耳國小聽損兒童的聲母構音能力，並分析其在聲母構音的錯誤類型，以及（2）探討實足年齡、植入後聽閾、發現聽損年齡、植入人工電子耳的年齡、使用人工電子耳的時間以及接受療育時間等因素與聲母構音能力之關係。30位台北市與新北市國小1到6年級植入人工電子耳的重度／全聾聽損兒童參與本研究，其中男女生各為15位，年齡分布從6歲3個月到11歲1個月，平均年齡為8歲5個月。在研究工具方面，本研究使用國語構音測驗以蒐集兒童的聲母構音資料。歸納本研究結果可發現：（1）植入人工電子耳聽損兒童的平均聲母正確率為89.2%。（2）植入人工電子耳聽損兒童最常出現的聲母構音錯誤語音為ㄋ（n）、ㄖ（r）、ㄕ（sh）、ㄙ（s）、ㄘ（c），表現最好的語音為ㄅ（b）、ㄇ（m）、ㄉ（d）。從聲母構音方法來看由易到難的順序為塞音＞塞擦音＞擦音。（3）皮爾遜積差相關分析顯示實足年齡、植入後聽閾、發現聽損年齡、植入人工電子耳的年齡、使用人工電子耳的時間以及接受療育時間等因素與植入人工電子耳國小聽損兒童的聲母構音能力之間皆無顯著相關。

The main purpose of this study was to investigate consonant articulation abilities of school-aged children who are deaf and who use a cochlear implant. Participants of this study were 15 girls and 15 boys (mean age 8; 5) who were deaf and orally educated. The Mandarin Chinese Articulation Test developed by Cheng (2004) was used to explore the children's consonant articulation abilities. Overall, it was found that the percentage of consonant correctly produced by children with CI was 89.2%. In addition, error analyses showed that 「ㄋ (n)」 was the most difficult phoneme for children with cochlear implant to produce. The factors of chronological age, threshold after implantation, age at implantation, duration of implant use, age for intervention, length of intervention did not correlate with consonant articulation skills.